C语言溢出计算

类型名称	占字节数	其他叫法	表示的数据范围
char	1	signed char	-128 ~ 127
unsigned char	1	none	0 ~ 255
int	4	signed int	-2,147,483,648 ~ 2,147,483,647
unsigned int	4	unsigned	0 ~ 4,294,967,295
short	2	short int	-32,768 ~ 32,767
unsigned short	2	unsigned short int	0 ~ 65,535
long	4	long int	-2,147,483,648 ~ 2,147,483,647
unsigned long	4	unsigned long	0 ~ 4,294,967,295
float	4	none	3.4E +/- 38 (7 digits)
double	8	none	1.7E +/- 308 (15 digits)
long double	10	none	1.2E +/- 4932 (19 digits)

最大值溢出后变为最小值；最小值溢出后变为最大值。

如：

char a=127 a+1为-128

char a=-128 a-1为127

uchar a=255 a+1为0

uchar a=0 a-1 为255

溢出后的数值计算：

上溢： - [max_count]

下溢： +[max_count]

例如：

char a=126 ,则a + 45 =126+45 =172-256 = -85

uchar a = 2 ,则 a - 100 = -98+256 = 158

a,b 基本类型相同时，有符号与无符号数的转换:

无符号a-->有符号b

if(a<max_count/2) b = a

else b = a - [max_count]

有符号数a-->无符号数b

if(a>0) b = a

else b = a + [max_count]

例1 char a = -119 ;uchar b = a;则b = -119 +256 = 137

例2 uchar a = 137 ; char b = a; 则 b = 137 - 256 = -119

例3 signed char chr = 127;

int sum =127;

chr+=10;

sum+=chr;

sum值是

思路 先把chr当成无符号数，chr +=10变成137 然后把chr转化为有符号数137-256 = -119 。-119 + sum (127) = 8.