CentOS6.5安装Oracle11G R2

一、关闭防墙

  (1)如果是firewalld

1、 检查防火墙状态:

 [root@oracle~]# firewall-cmd --state

Running

2、 如果正在运行,则停用firewalld

root@oracle ~]# systemctl stopfirewalld.service

[root@oracle ~]# firewall-cmd--state

not running

3、 禁用firewalld

[root@oracle ~]# systemctldisable firewalld.service

rm'/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service'

rm'/etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service'

(2)如果是iptables

1、检查防火墙状态

# serviceiptables status  或 # /etc/init.d/iptables status

2、关闭防火墙

  #service iptables stop 

3、 永久关闭iptables

#chkconfig--level 35 iptables off

 

二、关闭SELINUX

1、 检查SELINUX状态

[root@oracle ~]# getenforce

Enforcing

2、 如果状态为Enforcing则关闭

[root@oracle ~]# setenforce 0

[root@oracle~]# getenforce

Permissive

3、 禁用SELINUX

 [root@oracle ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

#SELINUX=enforcing#注释掉

#SELINUXTYPE=targeted#注释掉

SELINUX=disabled#增加

:wq! #保存退出

 

三、系统升级

[root@oracle~]# yum –y update

四、修改主机名

1、方法1:

[root@oracle ~]#hostnamectlset-hostname centos.tranfy.com

方法2:

[root@oracle ~]#vi /etc/hostname

centos.tranfy.com

:wq!

2、[root@oracle ~]# reboot  #重启

3、[root@oracle ~]# uname –n #查看主机名是否重设成功

 

五、修改hosts

1、方法1:

[root@oracle ~]# echo "192.168.1.111    centos centos.tranfy.com" >> /etc/hosts [root@oracle ~]#ping centos.tranfy.com

 

方法2:

[root@oracle~]#vi /etc/hosts

#增加以下一行

192.168.1.111    centoscentos.tranfy.com

:wq!

 

五、检查安装oracle所需包列表

[root@centos ~]#  rpm -q binutilscompat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-develelfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-develglibc-headers glibc-static kernel-headers pdksh libaio libaio-devel libgcclibgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libstdc++-static make numactl-devel sysstatunixODBC unixODBC-devel

binutils-2.23.52.0.1-30.el7_1.2.x86_64

packagecompat-libstdc++-33 is not installed

elfutils-libelf-0.160-1.el7.x86_64

packageelfutils-libelf-devel is not installed

packageelfutils-libelf-devel-static is not installed

package gccis not installed

packagegcc-c++ is not installed

glibc-2.17-78.el7.x86_64

glibc-common-2.17-78.el7.x86_64

packageglibc-devel is not installed

packageglibc-headers is not installed

packageglibc-static is not installed

packagekernel-headers is not installed

package pdkshis not installed

libaio-0.3.109-12.el7.x86_64

packagelibaio-devel is not installed

libgcc-4.8.3-9.el7.x86_64

libgomp-4.8.3-9.el7.x86_64

libstdc++-4.8.3-9.el7.x86_64

packagelibstdc++-devel is not installed

packagelibstdc++-static is not installed

make-3.82-21.el7.x86_64

packagenumactl-devel is not installed

sysstat-10.1.5-7.el7.x86_64

packageunixODBC is not installed

packageunixODBC-devel is not installed

 

根据以上列出未安装的包,一一安装,如:

[root@centos ~]#yum–y install compat-libstdc++-33

其中pdksh无法yum –install,需要自行网上下载安装:

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

# rpm -ivhpdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

--如果因ksh冲突无法安装,有两个解决办法:

(1)需先删除KSH ,再安装:

# rpm -e  ksh-20120801-28.el6_7.3.x86_64 

# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm

(2)直接强制安装:

# rpm -ivhpdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm –nodeps --force

 

 

六、创建组与用户

[root@centos ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@centos ~]# groupadd dba

 [root@centos ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

 [root@centos ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New password:

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokensupdated successfully.

 

七、配置内核

[root@centos ~]# vim  /etc/sysctl.conf

 

# Kernel paramaters required by Oracle 11gR1

fs.file-max = 6815744

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 2147483648

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

保存并使之生效:

[root@centos ~]# /sbin/sysctl -p

 

注意: kernel.shmmax's 的值是物理内存的一半。

 

八、设置Oracle账户的进程数和最大会话数

[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

 

九、pam模块配置

[root@centos ~]# vim/etc/pam.d/login

#加入以下一句

session requiredpam_limits.so

 

十、为oracle用户bashksh中设定资源限制编辑文件

[root@centos ~]#vi/etc/profile

#增加下面行:

if [ $USER = "oracle" ];then

       if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

              ulimit -p 16384

              ulimit -n 65536

       else

              ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

       fi

fi

 

十一、创建Oracle安装目录

 

[root@centos~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/

[root@centos~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/

[root@centos~]# chmod -R 755 /u01/

 

十二、设置oracle用户的环境变量:

[root@centos~]# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

#增加以下内容

TMP=/tmp;export TMP

TMPDIR=$TMP;export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app;export ORACLE_BASE

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=orcl;export ORACLE_SID

ORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH;export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;

exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH

CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;

exportCLASSPATH

umask022

NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.al32utf8"; exportNLS_LANG

##(红字备注,安装oracle时选择了al32utf8,为解决中文乱码问题,指定Oracle用户环境变量字符集,问题解决)

 

[oracle@centos]$source ./bash_profile

 

十三、安装FTP并启动

  yum –install vsftp

   /sbin/service vsftpd start

十二、将解压好的Oracle11g的Database文件夹上传到 /home/oracle下

chmod–R 777 /home/oracle/database

进入database目录,并执行安装程序

cd/home/oracle/database

./runInstaller

 

安装完成后,编辑dbstart与dbshut

vi/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart

将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改为

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

vi/u01/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut

将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改为

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

修改 /etc/oratab

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1:N
修改成
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1:Y

 

 

查看listener状态

lsnrctlstatus

启动listener

lsnrctlstart

启动数据库:

  方法1:

       dbstart

  方法2:

   sqlplus /nolog

   conn /as sysdba

   startup

 

启动em

$emctl start dbconsole 

访问em

 https://192.168.1.111:1158/em

设置自动启动:

[root@centosbin]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

su- oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'

su- oracle -c 'dbstart'

su– oracle –c 'emctl start dbconsole'

 

如果自动启无法执行,查看/etc/rc.d/rc.local是否有可执行权限,如没有则:

# chmod+x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

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