C++ 多重继承时,构造函数调用秩序,有虚继承时,基类只调用几次?

//xujic.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Animal
{
public:
	void breath()
	{cout<<"动物要呼吸"<<endl;}
    Animal(){cout<<"Animal 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class Bird:virtual public Animal
{
public:	Bird(){cout<<"Bird 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class Fish:virtual public Animal
{
public:	Fish(){cout<<"Fish 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class FB:public Bird,public Fish
{
public:FB(){cout<<"FB 构造函数"<<endl;}
};
void main()
{
   FB f;
}

 

如果是Bird,Fish 都是虚继承之Animal,

那么 定义FB对象f时,仅仅是调用了一次Animal的构造函数

也就是在调用Bird和Fish的构造函数时,不会再调用Animal的构造函数了,因为它们是virtual继承.

 

对比试试:

把 Bird的 Virtual 取消:

//xujic.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Animal
{
public:
	void breath()
	{cout<<"动物要呼吸"<<endl;}
    Animal(){cout<<"Animal 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class Bird:public Animal
{
public:	Bird(){cout<<"Bird 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class Fish:virtual public Animal
{
public:	Fish(){cout<<"Fish 构造函数"<<endl;}
};

class FB:public Bird,public Fish
{
public:FB(){cout<<"FB 构造函数"<<endl;}
};
void main()
{
   FB f;
}

Animal 的构造函数则调用了2次: