SHELL(2)

任务要求：

一.编写脚本test4.sh，使用for循环创建20个账号，账户名前缀由用户从键盘输入，账户初始密码由用户输入

例如：test1、test2、test3、test4、test5、test6、test7、test8、test9、test10…test20

二.编写脚本test5.sh，使用for循环，通过ping命令测试网段的主机连通性，IP前3段由用户输入

如：输入192.168.182，则ping 192.168.182.125 - 192.168.182.140

将可以ping通的主机IP地址写入到/tmp/host_up.txt文件中，不能ping通的主机IP地址写入到：/tmp/host_down.txt文件中。

三.使用for循环实现批量主机root密码的修改

（1）打开多台主机

（2）使用ssh-keygen命令建立密钥对

（3）多台主机间通过ssh-copy-id进行免密登陆

（4）编写脚本test6.sh，通过for循环登陆主机修改对方root账户密码

1.编写脚本

[root@server ~]# vim test4.sh

#!/bin/bash

read -p "请输入账户的前缀：" prefix

read -p "请输入用户的账号密码：" passwd

for ((i=1;i<=20;i++))
do      
        user=Sprefix$i
        if id $user &> /dev/null
        then    
                echo "$uesr账户已存在"
        else
                useradd $user
                if [ $? -eq 0 ]
                then    
                        echo "$passwd" | passwd --stdin $user &> /dev/
null
                else    
                        echo "用户创建失效"
                        exit
                fi      
        fi      
done    

[root@server ~]# bash test4.sh
请输入账户的前缀：XiaoMing
请输入用户的账号密码：123456

测试脚本

XiaoMing1:x:1043:1043::/home/XiaoMing1:/bin/bash
XiaoMing2:x:1044:1044::/home/XiaoMing2:/bin/bash
XiaoMing3:x:1044:1044::/home/XiaoMing3:/bin/bash
XiaoMing4:x:1045:1045::/home/XiaoMing4:/bin/bash
......

2.编写脚本

[root@server ~]# vim test5.sh

#!/bin/bash

read -p "请输入网段:"  ip

for ((i=125;i<=140;i++))
do      
        IP="$ip"."$i"
        if  ping  -c 2 $IP  &> /dev/null
        then    
                echo  "$IP is up"  >>  /tmp/host_up.txt
        else    
                echo  "$IP is down"  >>  /tmp/host_down.txt
        fi
done    

echo  "up ip: "
cat  /tmp/host_up.txt

echo

echo "down ip :"
cat  /tmp/host_down.txt

[root@server ~]# bash test5.sh
请输入网段:192.168.186    
up ip: 
192.168.186.130 is up

down ip :
192.168.186.125 is down
192.168.186.126 is down
192.168.186.127 is down
192.168.186.128 is down
192.168.186.129 is down
192.168.186.131 is down
192.168.186.132 is down
192.168.186.133 is down
192.168.186.134 is down
192.168.186.135 is down
192.168.186.136 is down
192.168.186.137 is down
192.168.186.138 is down
192.168.186.139 is down
192.168.186.140 is down

3.编写保存多台主机ip地址文件

[root@server ~]# vim  ip.txt

192.168.186.131
192.168.186.132

创建密钥

[root@server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa 
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:9m+BZoH1976gzA3WK0Gyaihk2Kd9H7rLxK1pQKpBtcU root@server
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|    .            |
|   . E    .      |
|  . o    o .     |
| . . .  ..... .  |
|. o o   S +o . . |
| o = o...o+.o   .|
|  = + oo.=.o.+ . |
| . o oo=+ =o= o .|
|    . +B+. =oo ..|
+----[SHA256]-----+

[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id  root@192.168.186.131
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id  root@192.168.186.132

编写脚本

[root@server ~]# vim test6.sh

#!/bin/bash

read -p "please input your passwd:" ps

for i in `cat ip.txt`
do
        ssh $i "echo "$ps" | passwd --stdin root"
done  

运行脚本

[root@server ~]# bash test6.sh