一、更新和安装必要软件
##更新
yum -y update
##安装必要的软件
yum -y install binutils gcc gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel ksh libgcc.i686 libstdc++-devel libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat compat-libcap1
二、准备安装文件:
一种是下载好安装文件后上传到linux服务上,另外一种直接再Linux服务器上下载(确定有外网可以访问到oracle官网)。建议事先使用迅雷下载,安装包4G,oralce官网服务器在国外下载比较慢
方法一、官网下载两个文件
oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 官网地址
oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm 官网地址自动跳转到登录界面,登录成功后即可下载
方法二、服务器上下载
1.下载预先安装的包:
curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-- 下载oracle的安装包:
wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle18c/180000/oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm?AuthParam=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c
注意:AuthParam=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c为oracle登录信息。需要预先登录oracle官网把登录信息复制下来替换为自己的
mv oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm\?AuthParam\=1539962668_5311e130d1cfb704834cf88b9c9c5e5c oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
2.安装
yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-18c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
会自动安装依赖的软件包。
安装信息省略,看到以下信息证明安装完成
Transaction Summary
================================================================================================
Install 1 Package (+56 Dependent packages)
Upgrade ( 3 Dependent packages)
3.安装oracle-database-servrer:
rpm -ivh oracle-database-ee-18c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
安装信息省略
注意:上述安装部署比较耗时,需要耐心等待。
4.参看配置文件:
cat /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c.conf
#This is a configuration file to setup the Oracle Database.
#It is used when running '/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB configure'.
#Please use this file to modify the default listener port and the
#Oracle data location.
# LISTENER_PORT: Database listener
LISTENER_PORT=1521
# ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION: Database oradata location
ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata
# EM_EXPRESS_PORT: Oracle EM Express listener
EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500
5.配置:
/etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-18c configure
执行脚本之后将创建一个容器数据库(ORCLCDB)和一个可插拔数据库(ORCLPDB1),并且配置的默认监听端口是1521.
安装信息省略,看到以下信息证明安装完成
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.
Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.
6.进程和端口查看:
#端口查看
netstat -nultp | grep -E '1521|5500'
tcp6 0 0 :::1521 :::* LISTEN 590400/tnslsnr
tcp6 0 0 :::5500 :::* LISTEN 590400/tnslsnr
ps -ef | grep -i orcl | grep -v grep
省略部分日志信息
oracle 604306 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_m001_ORCLCDB
oracle 604321 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt00_ORCLCDB
oracle 604323 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt01_ORCLCDB
oracle 604325 1 0 00:08 ?00:00:00 ora_tt02_ORCLCDB
......
7.切换oracle用户登录系统:
su - oracle
8.配置环境变量
vi .bash_profile
##或者
vi .bashrc
在最后一行添加内容如下
###在末尾插入###
umask 022 ###这一步的作用未明
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB ####根据需求填写实际的sid,我的这个是系统默认的CDB(数据库容器),不是PDB
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oradata ### 这是数据库默认物理存储文件的目录,
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/18c/dbhome_1 #### 这是数据库默认的运行文件目录,包括命令(大概,描述不一定正确)
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
9.执行环境变量设置,目的使刚才修改的配置生效
source .bash_profile
### 或者
source .bashrc
10.到此结束,可以正常访问数据库了
sqlplus / as sysdba
11.启动和关闭数据库服务命令
SQL> shutdown
SQL> startup