SQL面试用题

--在 FROM 子句中使用子查询

2. 返回比本部门平均工资高的员工的last_name, department_id, salary及平均工资

[方式一]

select last_name,department_id,salary,

(select avg(salary)from employees e3

where e1.department_id = e3.department_id

group by department_id) avg_salary

from employees e1

where salary >

         (select avg(salary)

          from employees e2  

          where e1.department_id = e2.department_id

          --group by department_id

          )

[方式二]

SELECT  a.last_name, a.salary,

        a.department_id, b.salavg

FROM    employees a, (SELECT   department_id,

                      AVG(salary) salavg

                      FROM     employees

                      GROUP BY department_id) b

WHERE   a.department_id = b.department_id

AND     a.salary > b.salavg;

 

--单列子查询表达式

• Oracle8i 只在下列情况下可以使用, 例如:
  • SELECT 语句 (FROM 和 WHERE 子句)
  • INSERT 语句中的VALUES列表中
• Oracle9i中单列子查询表达式可在下列情况下使用:
  • DECODE  和 CASE
  • SELECT 中除 GROUP BY 子句以外的所有子句中

3. 显式员工的employee_id,last_name和location。其中，若员工department_id与location_id为1800的department_id相同，则location为’Canada’,其余则为’USA’。

SELECT employee_id, last_name,

       (CASE department_id

        WHEN  (SELECT department_id FROM departments

WHERE location_id = 1800)

        THEN 'Canada' ELSE 'USA' END) location

FROM   employees;

 

4. 查询员工的employee_id,last_name,要求按照员工的department_name排序

SELECT   employee_id, last_name

FROM     employees e

ORDER BY (SELECT department_name

  FROM departments d

  WHERE e.department_id = d.department_id);

 

--相关子查询

 

 

本教程由尚硅谷教育大数据研究院出品，如需转载请注明来源。