文件上传(servlet 中含下载和删除操作)

个人认为，文件上传是一个较为独立的功能，有一定的统一性和规范性。因此，将它记录下来。
一般来说，文件上传的方法很多，可以应用商业javabean(如jspsmartupload)，也可以用开源javabean(如Apache Commons FileUpload)，或者独立更生，写一个自己的bean，这里我选择用开源bean，原因有二：1、免费，可扩展；2、功能一般较为完善和规范，省时省力。
以下是实现文件上传的一个实例，该实例的环境如下：
1、MSSQL 数据库
2、Ibatis做存储模式
一、数据库

CREATE   TABLE   [ dbo ] . [ attachment ] (
     [ Sequence ]  NUMERIC( 10 , 0 )  IDENTITY ( 1 , 1 )  NOT   NULL ,
     [ ObjectID ]  NUMERIC( 10 , 0 )  NULL ,
     [ ObjectName ]   VARCHAR ( 256 )  NULL ,
     [ FileName ]   VARCHAR ( 512 )  NULL ,
     [ FileSize ]   INT   NULL ,
     [ FileData ]   IMAGE   NULL ,
     CONSTRAINT   [ PK_attachment ]   PRIMARY   KEY   CLUSTERED  ( [ Sequence ] )
)

二、POJO 类

public   class  Attachment  ... {
    private int sequence;
    private int objectId;
    private String objectName;
    private String fileName;
    private int fileSize;
    private byte[] fileData;
    
    public byte[] getFileData() ...{
        return fileData;
    }
    public void setFileData(byte[] fileData) ...{
        this.fileData = fileData;
    }
    public String getFileName() ...{
        return fileName;
    }
    public void setFileName(String fileName) ...{
        this.fileName = fileName;
    }

    public int getObjectId() ...{
        return objectId;
    }
    public void setObjectId(int objectId) ...{
        this.objectId = objectId;
    }
    public String getObjectName() ...{
        return objectName;
    }
    public void setObjectName(String objectName) ...{
        this.objectName = objectName;
    }
    public int getSequence() ...{
        return sequence;
    }
    public void setSequence(int sequence) ...{
        this.sequence = sequence;
    }
    public int getFileSize() ...{
        return fileSize;
    }
    public void setFileSize(int fileSize) ...{
        this.fileSize = fileSize;
    }
    

}

开始字段fileData 用了java.sql.Blob类型，后发现将InputStream转成Blob类型时较为棘手，所以专用了byte[]类型，不过也有办法，我想可以自己写个Blob类以实现，java.sql.Blob 这个接口。
三、SQLMap XML

   < resultMap  id ="attachmentResult"  class ="attachment" >
     < result  property ="sequence"  column ="SEQUENCE"  nullValue ="0" />
     < result  property ="objectId"  column ="OBJECTID"  nullValue ="0" />
     < result  property ="objectName"  column ="OBJECTNAME"  nullValue ="" />
     < result  property ="fileName"  column ="FILENAME"  nullValue ="" />
     < result  property ="fileSize"  column ="FILESIZE"  nullValue ="0" />
     < result  property ="fileData"  column ="FILEDATA"   />
   </ resultMap >

   < insert  id ="insertAttachment"  parameterClass ="attachment" >
    INSERT INTO ATTACHMENT (
        OBJECTID,
        OBJECTNAME,
        FILENAME,
        FILESIZE,
        FILEDATA
    )VALUES(
        #objectId#,
        #objectName:VARCHAR#,
        #fileName:VARCHAR#,
        #fileSize#,
        #fileData#
    )
     < selectKey  resultClass ="int"  keyProperty ="sequence" >
         <!--  SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() AS SEQUENCE  -->
        SELECT @@IDENTITY AS SEQUENCE
     </ selectKey >
   </ insert >

这里需要注意的是采用selectKey自动生成id时没有一个十全十美的办法，Ibatis官方网站有所讨论，具体参见
http://www.mail-archive.com/user-cs@ibatis.apache.org/msg01993.html
四、Implement  类

public   class  AttachmentDaoImpl  ... {

    public static Integer insert(Attachment attachment) throws SQLException ...{
        try ...{
            return (Integer) IbatisHelper.getSqlMapper().insert(
                    "insertAttachment", attachment);
        } catch (SQLException e) ...{
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

}

五、Servlet

/** */ /**
 * Servlet implementation class for Servlet: UploadFile
 *
 */
  public   class  UploadFile  extends  javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet  implements  javax.servlet.Servlet  ... {
    
    /** *//**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "text/html;charset=gb2312";    
    private static final String TEMP_PATH = "c:/windows/temp";
    private static final String DESTINATION_PATH = "/attachment/";
    private static final int MAX_MEMORY_SIZE = 2*1024*1024;
    private static final int MAX_REQUEST_SIZE = 3*1024*1024;
    private String fileName = "";
    
    public String processUploadedFile(FileItem item)...{
        boolean writeToFile = false;
        // Process a file upload
        if (writeToFile) ...{
            File uploadedFile = new File(DESTINATION_PATH);
            try ...{
                item.write(uploadedFile);
                return "";
            } catch (Exception e) ...{
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "Error:Write to file system failed.";
            }
            
        } else ...{
            try ...{
                InputStream uploadedStream = item.getInputStream();
                byte[] b = new byte[uploadedStream.available()];
                int fileSize = b.length;
                uploadedStream.read(b);
                uploadedStream.close();
                Attachment attachment = new Attachment();
                attachment.setFileName(fileName);
                attachment.setFileSize(fileSize);
                attachment.setFileData(b);
                try...{
                    Integer key =  AttachmentDaoImpl.insert(attachment);
                    return key.toString();
                }catch(SQLException e)...{
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    return "Error:Write to database failed.";
                }
            } catch (IOException e) ...{
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "Error:I/O write failed.";
            }
        }
    }
    
    public String processFormField(FileItem item)...{
        String fieldName = item.getFieldName();
        if("FileName".equals(fieldName))
            fileName = item.getString();
        return "";    
    }
    
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
        response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
        
        String action = request.getParameter("action");
        String strId = request.getParameter("id");
        if(null==strId||"".equals(strId)) ...{
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.println("Error:Attachment ID not found.");;
            return;
        }
        
        if("delete".equals(action.toLowerCase()))...{
            String sequence[] = ...{strId};
            String process = "";
            try...{
                process = AttachmentDaoImpl.delete(sequence);
                response.sendRedirect("../common/attachment.jsp");
            }catch(SQLException e)...{
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        if("download".equals(action.toLowerCase()))...{
            //Get the attachment
            Attachment attach = null;
            try...{
                attach = AttachmentDaoImpl.getAttachment(strId);
            }catch(SQLException e)...{
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if(null!=attach)...{
                //Set content type
                response.setContentType("application/x-tar");
                //Set header
                response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="
                          + attach.getFileName());
                //Output to client
                OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
                byte[] buffer = attach.getFileData();
                os.write(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
                os.close();
            }
        }
    }
    
    /**//* (non-Java-doc)
     * @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
     */
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException ...{
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        try...{
            //    Check that we have a file upload request
            boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
            if(!isMultipart)...{
                out.println("Not a file upload request.");
                return;
            }
            //    Create a factory for disk-based file items
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();;
            //    Set factory constraints
            factory.setSizeThreshold(MAX_MEMORY_SIZE);
            File file = new File(TEMP_PATH);
            factory.setRepository(file);
            //    Create a new file upload handler
            ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
            //    Set overall request size constraint
            upload.setSizeMax(MAX_REQUEST_SIZE);
            //    Parse the request
            if(request.getContentLength()>MAX_REQUEST_SIZE)...{
                out.println("Error:Over max size to upload.");
                return;
            }
            List items = upload.parseRequest(request);
            Iterator iter = items.iterator();
            // Routine below doesn't adapt to return multiple ids.
            String strId = "";
            while(iter.hasNext())...{
                String process = "";
                FileItem item = (FileItem) iter.next();
                if (item.isFormField()) ...{
                    process = processFormField(item);
                } else ...{
                    process = processUploadedFile(item);
                }
                System.out.println(process);
                if(process.length()>0&&process.indexOf("Error")>-1)...{
                    out.println(process);
                    return;
                }else if(process.length()>0&&process.indexOf("Error")<0)...{
                    strId = process;
                }
            }
            //    Return to attachment page
            response.sendRedirect("../common/attachment.jsp?id="+strId);
        }catch(FileUploadException e)...{
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }                 
}

六、文件上传Jsp页面

< form  name ="attachment"  enctype ="multipart/form-data"
    action ="../servlets/UploadFile"  method ="post"
    onsubmit ="return validateAttach()" >
< table  class ="nopadding"  border ="0"  cellpadding ="3"  cellspacing ="0" >
     < tbody >
         < tr >
             < td  nowrap ="nowrap" > Choose a File : </ td >
             < td  width ="0" >< input  name ="FileName"  type ="hidden"  value ="" >
             < input  name ="AttachID"  value =""  type ="hidden"  value ="" >< input
                 name ="FilePath"  class ="formStyle"  size ="50"  style ="width: auto;"
                type ="file" ></ td >
         </ tr >
         < tr >
             < td  align ="left"  nowrap ="nowrap"  valign ="top" > &nbsp; </ td >
             < td  align ="left"  nowrap ="nowrap"  valign ="top" >< input
                 name ="ATTACH"  class ="formStylebutton"  value ="Attach"
                title ="Attach file"  type ="submit" ></ td >
         </ tr >
     </ tbody >
</ table >
</ form >