Android(客户端)与Linux(服务器端)进行TCP数据通信

最近，做项目需要使用Android(客户端)与Linux(服务器端)进行数据通信，这学期也刚好学习了Linux网络编程的一些知识。所以，实现了一个小Demo，供有需要的朋友参考一下。

效果如下：

客户端向服务器端发送字符串数据，服务器收到客户端的数据显示在Linux终端上，并往客户端回发接收到的数据。客户端把发往服务器端的数据与接收到的数据都显示在一个TextView上面。

Linux服务器端:

Android客户端：

首先，有几个小问题要注意一下：

1. 在Android应用程序需要使用Tcp协议进行通信时，需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加以下权限：
uses-permission android:name=”android.permission.INTERNET”

2. 在真机上面运行调试程序时，要保证手机能Ping通Linux服务器端的IP地址。

3. Android客户端接收数据，最好开一个线程来接收数据，因为是接收数据的read()方法是阻塞式的方法。

代码如下：

Linux服务器端：（Server.c）

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#define PORT 8888               //服务器端监听端口号
#define MAX_BUFFER 1024         //数据缓冲区最大值

int main()
{
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr, client_addr;
    int server_sockfd, client_sockfd;
    int size, write_size;
    char buffer[MAX_BUFFER];

    if ((server_sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)    //创建Socket
    {
        perror("Socket Created Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("Socket Create Success!\n");

    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    bzero(&(server_addr.sin_zero), 8);

    int opt = 1;
    int res = setsockopt(server_sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));    //设置地址复用
    if (res < 0)
    {
        perror("Server reuse address failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if (bind(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) == -1)  //绑定本地地址
    {
        perror("Socket Bind Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("Socket Bind Success!\n");

    if (listen(server_sockfd, 5) == -1)                 //监听
    {
        perror("Listened Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("Listening ....\n");

    socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);

    printf("waiting connection...\n");
    if ((client_sockfd = accept(server_sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len)) == -1)  //等待客户端连接
    {
        perror("Accepted Failed!\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    printf("connection established!\n");
    printf("waiting message...\n");

    while (1)
    {
        memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));                             //清空数据缓冲区

        if ((size = read(client_sockfd, buffer, MAX_BUFFER)) == -1)    //读取客户端的数据
        {
            perror("Recv Failed!\n");
            exit(1);
        }

        if (size != 0)                                               
        {
            buffer[size] = '\0';
            printf("Recv msg from client: %s\n", buffer);
            if ((write_size = write(client_sockfd, buffer, MAX_BUFFER)) > 0)   //把收到的数据回发给客户端
            {
                printf("Sent msg to client successfully!\n");
            }

        }
    }

    close(client_sockfd);   //关闭Socket
    close(server_sockfd);

    return 0;
}

Android客户端：

activity_main.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.blog_tcp_demo.MainActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">

            <TextView
                android:text="地址："
                android:textSize="20dp"
                android:layout_width="60dp"
                android:layout_height="40dp" />

            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/edtTxt_Addr"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        </LinearLayout>                  //地址

        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <TextView
                android:text="端口："
                android:textSize="20dp"
                android:layout_width="60dp"
                android:layout_height="40dp" />

            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/edtTxt_Port"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        </LinearLayout>                  //端口

        <ToggleButton
            android:id="@+id/tglBtn"
            android:textOn="断开"
            android:textOff="连接"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />                  //连接-断开按钮

        <ScrollView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="300dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.86" >

            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/tv_Msg"
                android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="fill_parent"
                android:text="Ready...\n" />
        </ScrollView>                    //消息显示

        <LinearLayout
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">


            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/edtTxt_Data"
                android:hint="请输入要发送的数据"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

            <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_Send"
                android:text="发送"
                android:textSize="20dp"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        </LinearLayout>                  //数据发送

    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java:

package com.example.blog_tcp_demo;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.ToggleButton;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private EditText edtTxt_Addr;
    private EditText edtTxt_Port;
    private ToggleButton tglBtn;
    private TextView tv_Msg;
    private EditText edtTxt_Data;
    private Button btn_Send;

    private TcpClientConnector connector;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        InitWidgets();
        connector = TcpClientConnector.getInstance();   //获取connector实例
        tglBtn.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new TglBtnCheckedChangeEvents());
        btn_Send.setOnClickListener(new ButtonClickEvent());

    }

    /***
     * 控件初始化
     */
    private void InitWidgets(){
        edtTxt_Addr = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtTxt_Addr);
        edtTxt_Port = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtTxt_Port);
        tglBtn = (ToggleButton) findViewById(R.id.tglBtn);
        tv_Msg = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_Msg);
        edtTxt_Data = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edtTxt_Data);
        btn_Send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_Send);
    }

    class TglBtnCheckedChangeEvents implements ToggleButton.OnCheckedChangeListener{

        @Override
        public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton btnView, boolean isChecked){
            if(btnView == tglBtn){
                if(isChecked == true){
                    //连接Tcp服务器端
                    //connector.createConnect("172.16.46.41",8888);   //调试使用
                    connector.createConnect(edtTxt_Addr.getText().toString(),Integer.parseInt(edtTxt_Port.getText().toString()));
                    connector.setOnConnectListener(new TcpClientConnector.ConnectListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onReceiveData(String data) {
                            //Received Data,do somethings.
                            tv_Msg.append("Server:"+ data + "\n");
                        }
                    });
                }else{
                    try{   //断开与服务器的连接
                        connector.disconnect();
                    }catch(IOException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class ButtonClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener{
        public void onClick(View v){
            if (v == btn_Send){
                //发送数据
                try{
                    connector.send(edtTxt_Data.getText().toString());
                    tv_Msg.append("Client:"+ edtTxt_Data.getText().toString() + "\n");
                }catch (IOException e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

TcpClientConnector.java:

package com.example.blog_tcp_demo;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TcpClientConnector {

    private static TcpClientConnector mTcpClientConnector;
    private Socket mClient;
    private ConnectListener mListener;
    private Thread mConnectThread;

    public interface ConnectListener {
        void onReceiveData(String data);
    }

    public void setOnConnectListener(ConnectListener listener) {
        this.mListener = listener;
    }

    public static TcpClientConnector getInstance() {
        if (mTcpClientConnector == null)
            mTcpClientConnector = new TcpClientConnector();
        return mTcpClientConnector;
    }

    Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            switch (msg.what) {
                case 100:
                    if (mListener != null) {
                        mListener.onReceiveData(msg.getData().getString("data"));
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    };

    public void createConnect(final String mSerIP, final int mSerPort) {
        if (mConnectThread == null) {
            mConnectThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        connect(mSerIP, mSerPort);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            });
            mConnectThread.start();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 与服务端进行连接
     *
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void connect(String mSerIP, int mSerPort) throws IOException {
        if (mClient == null) {
            mClient = new Socket(mSerIP, mSerPort);
        }
        InputStream inputStream = mClient.getInputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len = -1;
        while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            String data = new String(buffer, 0, len);
            Message message = new Message();
            message.what = 100;
            Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
            bundle.putString("data", data);
            message.setData(bundle);
            mHandler.sendMessage(message);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 发送数据
     *
     * @param data 需要发送的内容
     */
    public void send(String data) throws IOException {
        OutputStream outputStream = mClient.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write(data.getBytes());
    }

    /**
     * 断开连接
     *
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void disconnect() throws IOException {
        if (mClient != null) {
            mClient.close();
            mClient = null;
        }
    }
}

其中，Android客户端的代码参考了这位朋友的博客(^__^) ，写得的确很好，给个大写的赞！：Android Socket 通信