使用Map.computeIfAbsent() 或者 Stream流的Collectors.groupingBy() 实现对象根据某个字段的分组业务

编程中经常遇到这种数据结构，判断一个map中是否存在这个key，如果存在则处理value的数据，如果不存在，则创建一个满足value要求的数据结构放到value中。 比如我想要根据一个Student对象的集合, 返回根据Student的班级字段对学生进行分组后的Map.  期望的数据结构是 Map<String,List<Student>>, 同一个班级的学生放在对应的value值的List集合中

• Student类

public class Student{
    private String classs;
    private int age;
    public Student() {
    }
    public Student(String classs, int age) {
        this.classs = classs;
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getClasss() {
        return classs;
    }
    public void setClasss(String classs) {
        this.classs = classs;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

• 使用Map的computeIfAbsent方式实现

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("class1",11);
        Student s2 = new Student("class1",12);
        Student s3 = new Student("class2",23);
        Student s4 = new Student("class2",24);
        Student s5 = new Student("class3",13);
        ArrayList<Student> a=new ArrayList();
        Collections.addAll(a,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5);
        Map<String,ArrayList<Student>> payMethodVOListMap2 = new HashMap<>();
        a.stream().forEach(aa -> {
            payMethodVOListMap2.computeIfAbsent(aa.getClasss(),
            key -> new ArrayList<Student>()).add(aa);
        });
        System.out.println(payMethodVOListMap2);
//输出结果
//{
//  class3=[Student@5fd0d5ae], 
//  class2=[Student@2d98a335, Student@16b98e56], 
//  class1=[Student@7ef20235, Student@27d6c5e0]
//}
    }
}

• 使用stream的Collectors.groupingBy实现

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s1 = new Student("class1",11);
        Student s2 = new Student("class1",12);
        Student s3 = new Student("class2",23);
        Student s4 = new Student("class2",21);
        Student s5 = new Student("class3",13);
        ArrayList<Student> a=new ArrayList();
        Collections.addAll(a,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5);
        
        Map<String,List<Student>> payMethodVOListMap = new HashMap<>();
        payMethodVOListMap = a.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Student::getClasss));
        System.out.println(payMethodVOListMap);
//输出一致
//{
//  class3=[Student@2f4d3709], 
//  class2=[Student@4e50df2e, Student@1d81eb93], 
//  class1=[Student@7291c18f, Student@34a245ab]
//}

    }
}