Java中映射Map的merge、compute、computeIfAbsent、computeIfPresent基本用法

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36850813/article/details/84402561 

下面是Java8中Map的一些新方法merge、compute、computeIfAbsent、computeIfPresent介绍。

我们在项目开发中，经常使用map，key有时存在有时不存，我们需要是用containsKey去判断，然后再决定如何修改value。 这样比较麻烦，嫩不能在一个方法调用就完成这些工作呢（如果key存在value（还可以有其他逻辑判断），就do a，如果不存在就do b）？答案是， 当然可以。

下面直接给出示例和运行结果，参看结果就明白各个方法的具体含义了。
 

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
 
 
public class MapMain {
 
    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map<String, String> myMap = new HashMap<>();
        String keyA = "A";
        String keyB = "B";
        String keyC = "C";
        String keyD = "D";
        String keyE = "E";
        String keyF = "F";
        String keyG = "G";
        String keyH = "H";
        myMap.put(keyA, "str01A");
        myMap.put(keyB, "str01B");
        myMap.put(keyC, "str01C");
 
        System.out.println("myMap initial content:"+ myMap);
 
        myMap.merge(keyA, "merge01", String::concat);
        myMap.merge(keyD, "merge01", String::concat);
        System.out.println("Map merge demo content:"+ myMap);
 
        BiFunction<String, String, String> biFunc = new BiFunction<String, String, String>(){
            @Override
            public String apply(String t, String u) {
                String result = t;
                if (t == null) {
                    result = u;
                }
                else {
                    result += "," + u;
                }
                return result;
            }
        };
 
        myMap.merge(keyA, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
        myMap.merge(keyE, "BiFuncMerge01", biFunc);
        System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction merge demo content:"+ myMap);
 
        String msg = "msgCompute";
        myMap.compute(keyB, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
        myMap.compute(keyF, (k, v) -> (v == null) ? msg : v.concat(msg));
        System.out.println("Map customized BiFunction compute demo content:"+ myMap);
 
        myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyC, k -> genValue(k));
        myMap.computeIfAbsent(keyG, k -> genValue(k));
        System.out.println("Map customized Function computeIfAbsent demo content:"+ myMap);
 
        myMap.computeIfPresent(keyC, biFunc);
        myMap.computeIfPresent(keyH, biFunc);
        System.out.println("Map customized biFunc computeIfPresent demo content:"+ myMap);
    }
 
    static String genValue(String str) {  
        System.out.println("===");  
        return str + "2";  
    }  
}