自定义hooks

自定义hook

hook就是一个函数,有一些特定逻辑的封装函数

1. 用于处理字符串(url)
2. 数据格式化(日期)
3. 业务逻辑性

自定义hook相对于普通js复用逻辑的抽离,然后可以在页面调用

自定义 Hook 是一个函数，主要解决一些状态逻辑重用的问题，其名称以 “use” 开头，其名称以 “use” 开头，函数内部调用其他的 Hooks。

hook是js函数但有两个额外的规则

• 只能在函数最外层调用Hook。不能循环、条件判断或者子函数中调用
• 只能在React的函数组件中调用Hook。不能在其他js函数中调用，但是可以在自定义的hook中

封装两个自定义hooks

• 判断当前的网络情况

import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
// 自定义一个hook  功能判断当前的网络情况
// 函数名要以use开头
// 函数中必须要用到内置hook函数
const useOnline = () => {
  const [online, setOnline] = useState(navigator.onLine)

  // 让它在第1次挂载时执行
  useEffect(() => {
    const onlineFn = () => setOnline(true)
    const offlineFn = () => setOnline(false)

    // js提供的监听事件
    window.addEventListener('online', onlineFn, false)
    window.addEventListener('offline', offlineFn, false)

    return () => {
      window.removeEventListener('online', onlineFn, false)
      window.removeEventListener('offline', offlineFn, false)
    }
  }, [])
  return online
}


const App = () => {
  const online = useOnline()
  return (
    <div>
      {
        online
          ?
          <div style={{ color: 'green' }}>在线</div>
          :
          <div>离线</div>
      }
    </div>
  );
}

export default App;

• 自定义input输入

import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';

const useInput = ( defaultValue = "" ) => {
  const [value, setvalue] = useState(defaultValue)
  return {
    value,
    onchange: e => setvalue(e.target.value)
  }
}


const app = () => {
  const username = useInput()
  const password = useInput()
  return (
    <div>
      <input type="text" { ...username }/>
      <br/>
      <input type="text" { ...password }/>
      <br/>
      <button onClick={ () => {
        console.log(username.value, password.value);
      } }>
        登录
      </button>
    </div>
  )
}

• 自定义网络封装hook

import axios from "axios";
import { useEffect, useState } from "react"
const useRequest = ({uri, method = "GET", data = {} }) => {
	const [res, setData] = useState([])
	const cb = () => {
		return axios({
			uri: uri,
			method,
			data
		}).then(res => {
			setData([...ret, ...ret.data.data.data])
		})
	}
	useEffect(() => {
		cb()
	},[]);
}
export default useRequest

以下案例来自React中自定义Hook的使用:

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45389051/article/details/107701508

• 自定义context共享

export const UserContext = createContext()
export const TokenContext = createContext()

   <UserContext.Provider value={{name:'lvs'}}>
     <TokenContext.Provider value={{token:'#ccccc'}}>
     	<ContextShare/>
     </TokenContext.Provider>
   </UserContext.Provider>

import React, { useContext } from 'react'
import {UserContext,TokenContext} from '../App'
export default function useUserContext() {
  const user = useContext(UserContext)
  const token = useContext(TokenContext)
  return [user,token]
  return (
    <div>   
    </div>
  )
}
//将UserContext,TokenContext导入，然后通过useContext来赋值给我们定义的变量，然后给它return出去，这样我们在不同的组件也都能获取到

import React, { useContext } from 'react'
// 使用 Context内的内容
import useUserContext from '../hook/user-hook'
export default function ContextShare() {
  const [user,token] = useUserContext()
  console.log(user,token)
  return (
    <div>
    </div>
  )
}	

• 自定义获取页面滚动位置hook

import React,{useState,useEffect} from 'react'
const useScrollPostion = () => {
  const [scrollPosition, setScrollPostion] = useState(0)
  useEffect(() => {
    const handleScroll = () => {
      setScrollPostion(window.scrollY)
    }
    document.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll);
    return () => {
      document.removeEventListener('scroll', handleScroll)
    }
  },[])
   
   return scrollPosition
}

• localstorage存储自定义hook

import React,{ useState, useEffect } from 'react'

export default function useLocalstoagehook(key) {

  const [name, setName] = useState(() => {
    const name = JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(key))
    return name
  })

  useEffect(() => {
    // localStorage.setItem('name', name)
    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(name))
  }, [name])
   
  return [name,setName]

  return (
    <div>
      
    </div>
  )
}

import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react'

import useLocalstoagehook from '../hook/localstoagehook'

export default function CustomLocalStorage() {
  
  const [name,setName]= useLocalstoagehook('name')

  return (
    <div>
      {name}
      <button onClick={e => setName('lvs')}>设置</button>
    </div>
  )
}