android学习笔记3-传递数据的4种方式

于 2014-09-01 08:41:47 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shangyu_11/article/details/38975537
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intent 

Android中提供了Intent机制来协助应用间的交互与通讯，Intent负责对应用中一次操作的动作、动作涉及数据、附加数据进行描述，Android则根据此Intent的描述，负责找到对应的组件，将 Intent传递给调用的组件，并完成组件的调用。Intent不仅可用于应用程序之间，也可用于应用程序内部的Activity/Service之间的交互。因此，Intent在这里起着一个媒体中介的作用，专门提供组件互相调用的相关信息，实现调用者与被调用者之间的解耦。

intent的一些属性

两个重要属性：action、data。


1、意图传递数据的第一种方法

Mainactivity（启动意图，使用意图传递数据）

public class Android_intent1Activity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
	private Button button;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);//加载布局文件
        button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
		{
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v)
			{
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Intent intent = new Intent(Android_intent1Activity.this, Otheractivity.class);
				//在意图中传递数据
				intent.putExtra("name", "wangbadan");
				intent.putExtra("age", 22);
				intent.putExtra("height", 56.8);
				//启动意图
				startActivity(intent);
			}
		});
    }
}

对应的布局文件 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="android中意图传递数据" />
</LinearLayout>


Otheractivity（接收意图中的数据）

public class Otheractivity extends Activity
{
	private TextView textview;
	 @Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		 setContentView(R.layout.other);
		textview = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.msg);
		
		Intent intent = getIntent();
		int age = intent.getIntExtra("age",0);
		String name = intent.getStringExtra("name");
		double height = intent.getDoubleExtra("height", 0.0);
		
		textview.setText("age-->"+age+"name-->"+name+"height-->"+height);
		
	}
}

对应的布局文件 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/msg"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
         />

</LinearLayout>

 <activity android:name=".Otheractivity"></activity>
不要忘了将这句加到主布局文件当中。

2、通过静态变量传递数据


Mainactivity

public class Mainactivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
	private Button button;
	
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
       button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
       button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
	{
		
		@Override
		public void onClick(View v)
		{
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Intent intent  = new Intent();
			intent.setClass(Mainactivity.this, Otheractivity.class);
			Otheractivity.age = 33;
			Otheractivity.name = "wangbadan";
			startActivity(intent);
			
		}
	});
        
    }
}
otheractivity 

package com.android.test2;

import android.R.layout;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class Otheractivity extends Activity
{
	private TextView textView;
	public static String name;
	public static int age;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.other);
		textView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.msg);
		textView.setText("name-->"+name+" age->>"+age);
	}
}



3、使用全局变量传递数据

创建一个全局变类（继承application）

在create时，给其一个初始值


public class Myapp extends Application
{
	public String name;

	public String getName()
	{
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name)
	{
		this.name = name;
	}
	@Override
	public void onCreate()
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate();
		setName("zhangsan");
	}
}

Main类中修改全局变量的值 

public class Android_appActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
	private Button button;
	private Myapp myapp;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
		{
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v)
			{
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				myapp = (Myapp)getApplication();
				myapp.setName("jack");
				Intent intent = new Intent(Android_appActivity.this,Otheractivity.class);
				startActivity(intent);

			}
		});
        
    }
}
other类中获取全局变量的值 

public class Otheractivity extends Activity
{
	private TextView textview;
	private Myapp myapp;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.other);
		textview = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.msg);
		
		myapp = (Myapp)getApplication();
		textview.setText(myapp.getName());
	}
}



 <application
        android:name=".Myapp"  //最后在布局文件中需加入全局变量的一个名称。
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <activity
            android:name=".Android_appActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".Otheractivity"></activity>
        
    </application>


4、使用剪切板传递数据

剪切板的代码 

<pre name="code" class="java">public void onClick(View v)
{
	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	//从android系统中调用剪切板的服务
	ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager)getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
	String name = "wangba";
	clipboardManager.setText(name);
	Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this,Other.class);
	startActivity(intent);
}

 从另一个activity中获取数据 

 

 

<pre name="code" class="java">textView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.msg);
ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager)getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
String str = clipboardManager.getText().toString();
textView.setText(str);
 

 

 

 

 传递序列化的数据 

 

创建一个类，接口为Serializable
 

 

package com.android.test3;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Mydata implements Serializable
{
	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	public Mydata(String name, int age)
	{
		super();
		this.name = name; 
		this.age = age;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString()
	{
		return "Mydata [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}

	public String getName()
	{
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name)
	{
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getAge()
	{
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age)
	{
		this.age = age;
	}

	public Mydata()
	{
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

}

 

 Main中监听的主要操作 

 

 

public void onClick(View v)
{
	Mydata mydata = new Mydata("jack", 23);
	//将对象转换为字符串
	ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
	String base64String = "";
	try
	{
		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream);
		objectOutputStream.writeObject(mydata);
		base64String = Base64.encodeToString(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray(), Base64.DEFAULT);
		objectOutputStream.close();
	} catch (Exception e)
	{
		// TODO: handle exception
	}
	ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager)getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
	clipboardManager.setText(base64String);
	Intent intent = new Intent(Main.this,Other.class);
	startActivity(intent);
	
}
 

 other类中取数据操作 

 


 
 

textView = (TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.msg);
ClipboardManager clipboardManager = (ClipboardManager)getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
String str = clipboardManager.getText().toString();
byte[] base64_byte = Base64.decode(str, Base64.DEFAULT);
ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(base64_byte);
try
{
	ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(byteArrayInputStream);
	mydata = (Mydata)objectInputStream.readObject();
	textView.setText(mydata.toString());
} 
catch (Exception e)
{
	// TODO: handle exception
}

 

 

 

 

 

 


 
 


 
 


 

                

        

        

    

  


    

      

        

            

              
                
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