生成图片验证码的几个页面以及JAVA文件:
MakeCertPic.java
package cn.liuc.util;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
/**
* @author dzy 生成验证码图片
*/
public class MakeCertPic {
// 验证码图片中可以出现的字符集,可根据需要修改
private char mapTable[] = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i',
'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v',
'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8',
'9' };
/**
* 功能:生成彩色验证码图片 参数width为生成图片的宽度,参数height为生成图片的高度,参数os为页面的输出流
*/
public String getCertPic(int width, int height, OutputStream os) {
if (width <= 0)
width = 60;
if (height <= 0)
height = 20;
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 获取图形上下文
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// 设定背景色
g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 画边框
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// 取随机产生的认证码
String strEnsure = "";
// 4代表4位验证码,如果要生成更多位的认证码,则加大数值
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
strEnsure += mapTable[(int) (mapTable.length * Math.random())];
}
// 将认证码显示到图像中,如果要生成更多位的认证码,增加drawString语句
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.setFont(new Font("Atlantic Inline", Font.PLAIN, 18));
String str = strEnsure.substring(0, 1);
g.drawString(str, 8, 17);
str = strEnsure.substring(1, 2);
g.drawString(str, 20, 15);
str = strEnsure.substring(2, 3);
g.drawString(str, 35, 18);
str = strEnsure.substring(3, 4);
g.drawString(str, 45, 15);
// 随机产生10个干扰点
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int x = rand.nextInt(width);
int y = rand.nextInt(height);
g.drawOval(x, y, 1, 1);
}
// 释放图形上下文
g.dispose();
try {
// 输出图像到页面
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);
} catch (IOException e) {
return "";
}
return strEnsure;
}
}
makeCertPic.jsp
<%@page import="java.io.OutputStream"%>
<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<jsp:useBean id="image" scope="page" class="cn.liuc.util.MakeCertPic" />
<%
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
String str = image.getCertPic(0, 0, os);
// 将认证码存入SESSION
session.setAttribute("certCode", str);
out.clear();
out=pageContext.pushBody();
%>
LoginPic.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=utf-8" %>
<html>
<head><title>登录页面</title></head>
<body>
<form action="loginCheck.jsp" method="post" >
验证码:<input type="text" name="certCode"/>
<img src="makeCertPic.jsp">
<input type="submit" value="确定"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
loginCheck.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%
String certCode=request.getParameter("certCode");
if(certCode.equals((String)session.getAttribute("certCode")))
out.print("验证码输入正确");
else
out.print("验证码输入错误");
%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
红色部分( makeCertPic.jsp的第十行)要格外注意,如果不加则会报java.lang.IllegalStateException: getOutputStream() has already been called for this response错误,
具体原因如下:
应用验证码时,都会用到字节流response.getOutputStream()来将验证码
输出,但是jsp页面自己最后会调用字符流JspWriter的out()方法将页面的内容输
出。通过查看servlet的API我们可以看到知道,在servlet中不能够同时利用这两
个流输出,解决办法将验证码写在servlet中或者在JSP的JAVA代码中加入
response.reset();
out.clear();
out=pageContext.pushBody();