Posix多线程编程（1） 互斥锁与条件变量

今天学习了多线程互斥锁与条件变量，为了防止以后忘记，先记录一下总结的工作流程（主要是函数pthread_cond_timewait()）。下面是Posix多线程编程中cond.c的代码（加入几条打印信息）。

/* * cond.c * * Demonstrate a simple condition variable wait. */ #include <pthread.h> #include <time.h> #include "errors.h" typedef struct my_struct_tag { pthread_mutex_t mutex; /* Protects access to value */ pthread_cond_t cond; /* Signals change to value */ int value; /* Access protected by mutex */ } my_struct_t; my_struct_t data = { PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER, 0}; int hibernation = 1; /* Default to 1 second */ /* * Thread start routine. It will set the main thread's predicate * and signal the condition variable. */ void * wait_thread (void *arg) { int status; sleep (hibernation); status = pthread_mutex_lock (&data.mutex); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Lock mutex"); data.value = 1; /* Set predicate */ status = pthread_cond_signal (&data.cond); printf("send signal!/n"); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Signal condition"); status = pthread_mutex_unlock (&data.mutex); printf("after unlock!/n"); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Unlock mutex"); return NULL; } int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { int status; pthread_t wait_thread_id; struct timespec timeout; /* * If an argument is specified, interpret it as the number * of seconds for wait_thread to sleep before signaling the * condition variable. You can play with this to see the * condition wait below time out or wake normally. */ if (argc > 1) hibernation = atoi (argv[1]); /* * Create wait_thread. */ status = pthread_create (&wait_thread_id, NULL, wait_thread, NULL); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Create wait thread"); /* * Wait on the condition variable for 2 seconds, or until * signaled by the wait_thread. Normally, wait_thread * should signal. If you raise "hibernation" above 2 * seconds, it will time out. */ timeout.tv_sec = time (NULL) + 2; timeout.tv_nsec = 0; status = pthread_mutex_lock (&data.mutex); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Lock mutex"); while (data.value == 0) { printf("into while/n"); status = pthread_cond_timedwait ( &data.cond, &data.mutex, &timeout); printf("after while!/n"); if (status == ETIMEDOUT) { printf ("Condition wait timed out./n"); break; } else if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Wait on condition"); printf("throuhgt/n"); } if (data.value != 0) printf ("Condition was signaled./n"); status = pthread_mutex_unlock (&data.mutex); printf("afte main unlock!/n"); if (status != 0) err_abort (status, "Unlock mutex"); return 0; } 

 

工作流程总结如下：

1、首先，主线程工作，锁住互斥锁，然后检测“谓词” value，结果value==0，所以进入循环，遇到函数pthread_cond_timewait()。

2、首先对mutex进行解锁，并等待条件变量cond（函数并未返回，而解锁立刻进行）。

3、此时被阻塞在互斥锁上的线程wait_thread被唤醒，锁住互斥锁，改变value值，发送信号，然后解锁。

4、主线程接收到信号，还是并不立刻返回，而是先上锁，然后返回。主线程继续运行，并测试value的值，value=1不满足while，从而退出循环，然后继续下面的工作。

(4)、由于用的是pthread_cond_timewait()函数，所以可能在主线程获得条件满足以前计时器已经超时，如果超时，函数上锁后立刻返回，并且break跳出循环，继续下面的处理。（不管什么情况，pthread_cond_timewait()函数返回之前一定会先上锁）

 

由于是初学，如果大家认为有什么不妥之处，还望不吝赐教！