最近,工作中有个需求,需要删除表结构,重新导入数据。在俊哥指导下,有了以下的sql脚本,记录之。
declare
t1 user_tables%rowtype;
t2 varchar2(100);
begin
for t1 in (select * from user_tables ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
loop
// t2 := 'truncate table EBAY_LOMBARDI7_DEV_DB_PROC06.' ||t1.table_name|| ';';
t2 := 'drop table EBAY_LOMBARDI7_DEV_DB_PROC06.' ||t1.table_name|| ' cascade constraints purge;';
dbms_output.put_line( t2);
end loop;
end;
在删表的时候,时常会有以下的报错:
Error starting at line 15 in command:
drop table EBAY_LOMBARDI7_DEV_DB_PROC06.LSW_BPD
Error report:
SQL Error: ORA-02449: unique/primary keys in table referenced by foreign keys
02449. 00000 - "unique/primary keys in table referenced by foreign keys"
*Cause: An attempt was made to drop a table with unique or
primary keys referenced by foreign keys in another table.
*Action: Before performing the above operations the table, drop the
foreign key constraints in other tables. You can see what
constraints are referencing a table by issuing the following
command:
SELECT * FROM USER_CONSTRAINTS WHERE TABLE_NAME = "tabnam";
那么需要加上级联删除,例如:
drop table [schema_name].[table_name] cascade constraints purge;
另外说明:
1. delete语句是dml,这个操作会放到rollback segement中,事务提交之后才生效;如果有相应的trigger,执行的时候将被触发.
truncate,drop是ddl, 操作立即生效,原数据不放到rollback segment中,不能回滚. 操作不触发trigger.
2. delete语句不影响表所占用的extent, 高水线(high watermark)保持原位置不动
显然drop语句将表所占用的空间全部释放
truncate 语句缺省情况下见空间释放到 minextents个 extent,除非使用reuse storage; truncate会将高水线复位(回到最开始).
3. 速度,一般来说: drop>; truncate >; delete
4.安全性:小心使用drop 和truncate,尤其没有备份的时候.否则哭都来不及
使用上,想删除部分数据行用delete,注意带上where子句. 回滚段要足够大.
想删除表,当然用drop
想保留表而将所有数据删除. 如果和事务无关,用truncate即可. 如果和事务有关,或者想触发trigger,还是用delete.