Hibernate之主键生成策略

简介

hibernate的主键生成器:
generator元素：表示了一个主键生成器，它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。
接下来我们看下面的这个类
作用是让我们检测一下映射文件的准确

```
/**
 * 这个类是在学习hibernate的过程中所用（整合SSH框架之前用）
 * @author luochangfu
 * 
 * 
 * 作用：
 * 		可以用来检测所写的映射文件是否准确  90%
 *
 */
public class SessionFactoryUtils {
	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
//	存放当前会话
	private static ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
	static {
		Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
		Configuration configure = cfg.configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
		sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
	}
	
	public static Session openSession() {
		Session session = threadLocal.get();
		if (null == session) {
			session = sessionFactory.openSession();
			threadLocal.set(session);
		}
		return session;
	}

	public static void closeSession() {
		Session session = threadLocal.get();
		if (null != session) {
			if (session.isOpen()) {
				session.close();
			}
			threadLocal.set(null);
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Session session = openSession();
		System.out.println(session.isConnected());
		closeSession();
	}
	
}

然后加上实体类的XML文件
Student.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.luochangfu.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
		<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
		<!-- 	<generator class="assigned" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="uuid" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
			<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator> -->
			<generator class="com.luochangfu.two.id.Myts" />
		</id>

		<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Worker.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.luochangfu.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
		<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
		<!-- 	<generator class="assigned" /> -->
<!-- 			<generator class="increment" /> -->
		   <!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
<!-- 			 <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param> 
				</generator>  -->
			<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
		</id>
		<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
		</property>
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

DemoDao

public class DemoDao {
	
		/**
		 * 添加学生
		 * @param stu
		 * @return
		 */
		public Serializable addStudent(Student stu) {
			Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
			Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
			Serializable saveId = session.save(stu);
			transaction.commit();
			session.close();
			return saveId;
		}
		
		/**
		 * 添加工人
		 * @param worker
		 * @return
		 */
		public Serializable addWorker(Worker worker) {
			Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
			Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
			Serializable saveId = session.save(worker);
			transaction.commit();
			session.close();
			return saveId;
		}
		
		
		public static void testStudent(String[] args) {
			DemoDao dao = new DemoDao();
			Student stu = new Student();
//			stu.setSid(7);
			stu.setSname("三国演义);
			System.out.println(dao.addStudent(stu));
		}
		
		public static void main(String[] args) {
			DemoDao dao = new DemoDao();
			Worker worker = new Worker();
			worker.setWname("演义");
			
			System.out.println(dao.addWorker(worker));
		}

自定义主键生成器

package com.luochangfu.two.id;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;

public class Myts implements IdentifierGenerator{

	@Override
	public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor session, Object object) throws HibernateException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		SimpleDateFormat sdf  =  new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-mm-dd HH:mm:ss");
		return "luochangfu_shop_book"+sdf.format(new Date());
	}

}

别忘记改下配置文件

<generator class="com.luochangfu.two.id.Myts" />

总结：

1.assigned
主键的assigned生成方式由程序自动生成表的主键，即在你的测试程序中要调用setId()方法，且必 须在调用save()前调用（或者说在调用save()前必须指定id，其实就是说，主键值不能为空！）
把主键的生成方式改为native，它的特征是能够根据底层数据库自动选择主键生成方式。

2.identity
主键类型由底层数据库自己生成，但是必须设为自动增长类型

3.sequence
只根据序列表自动增加id不变，特点：int类型，无需赋值

4.increment

由hibernate控制，自带的sql增加语句不需要赋值

5.uuid/uuid.hex

由hibernate控制，随机默认的添加数字id 只能，是String类型的特点：32位的字符串，无需赋值

6.native

相当于：identity+sequence
native主键类型由Hibernate根据使用数据库自行判断采用identity，sequence，Hilo其中一种作为主键生成方式

谢谢…