第七次作业反馈及参考答案

第七次的模板类编写要求挺高的，鉴于大家的作业完成得不理想，决定本次作业不纳入最后的作业考核中，只供大家练习（大家没意见吧？）。

对于模板类的几点解释：

一：模板类比较特殊，目前绝大多数编译器不支持模板的分离编译模式，所以有3个方案，

（1）将模板类的声明和定义放到一个头文件（.H文件）中；

（2）或者声明和定义还是分开来写，可以在.h文件的最后将.cpp文件包含进来（参考代码选用这种方式）；

（3）将类和主函数写在一个CPP文件里。（个人比较推荐这种方式应付考试）

（之前几位同学问我的时候我没有去试过，说的不对，误导了，先道个歉，以这次反馈为准）

PS：不多说了，大家直接看参考答案吧。。

Matrix.h

#ifndef MATRIX_H
#define MATRIX_H

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

template <typename elemType, int row = 4, int col = 4>
class Matrix
{
	friend class Matrix;

	template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
	friend ostream& operator << (ostream&, const Matrix<elemType, row, col>&);

public:
	Matrix();
	Matrix(const Matrix&);
	~Matrix();

	void ReadData();

	elemType Max() const;
	elemType Min() const;

	template <int irow, int icol>
	bool operator == (const Matrix<elemType, irow, icol>&) const;

	Matrix operator + (const Matrix&) const;

	template<int icol>
	Matrix<elemType, row, icol> operator * (const Matrix<elemType, col, icol>&) const;

private:
	int _row, _col;
	elemType **_matrix;
};

#include "Matrix.cpp"

#endif

Matrix.cpp

#ifndef MATRIX_CPP
#define MATRIX_CPP

#include "Matrix.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
Matrix<elemType, row, col>::Matrix()
	: _row(row), _col(col)
{
	_matrix = new elemType*[_row];
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
	{
		_matrix[i] = new elemType[_col];
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			_matrix[i][j] = elemType();
	}
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
Matrix<elemType, row, col>::Matrix(const Matrix& rhs)
	: _row(rhs._row), _col(rhs._col)
{
	_matrix = new elemType*[_row];
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
	{
		_matrix[i] = new elemType[_col];
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			_matrix[i][j] = rhs._matrix[i][j];
	}
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
Matrix<elemType, row, col>::~Matrix()
{
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		delete[] _matrix[i];
	delete[] _matrix;
}


template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
void Matrix<elemType, row, col>::ReadData()
{
	cout << "Please Input An Matrix Of " << _row << " * " << _col << endl;
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			cin >> _matrix[i][j];
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
elemType Matrix<elemType, row, col>::Max() const
{
	elemType max(_matrix[0][0]);
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			if (_matrix[i][j] > max)
				max = _matrix[i][j];
	return max;
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
elemType Matrix<elemType, row, col>::Min() const
{
	elemType min(_matrix[0][0]);
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			if (min > _matrix[i][j])
				min = _matrix[i][j];
	return min;
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
template <int irow, int icol>
bool Matrix<elemType, row, col>::operator == (const Matrix<elemType, irow, icol>& rhs) const
{
	if (_row != irow || _col != icol)
		return false;
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			if (_matrix[i][j] != rhs._matrix[i][j])
				return false;
	return true;
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
Matrix<elemType, row, col> Matrix<elemType, row, col>::operator + (const Matrix& rhs) const
{
	Matrix<elemType, row, col> tmp;
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < _col; j ++)
			tmp._matrix[i][j] = _matrix[i][j] + rhs._matrix[i][j];
	return tmp;
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
template <int icol>
Matrix<elemType, row, icol> Matrix<elemType, row, col>::operator * (const Matrix<elemType, col, icol>& rhs) const
{
	Matrix<elemType, row, icol> tmp;
	for (int i = 0; i < _row; i ++)
		for (int j = 0; j < rhs._col; j ++)
		{
			bool plus = false;
			for (int k = 0; k < _col; k ++)
				if (!plus)
				{
					tmp._matrix[i][j] = _matrix[i][k] * rhs._matrix[k][j];
					plus = true;
				}
				else
					tmp._matrix[i][j] = tmp._matrix[i][j] + _matrix[i][k] * rhs._matrix[k][j];
		}	
		return tmp;
}

template <typename elemType, int row, int col>
inline ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const Matrix<elemType, row, col>& rhs)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < rhs._row; i ++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < rhs._col; j ++)
			os << rhs._matrix[i][j] << " ";
		os << endl;
	}
	return os;
}

#endif

main.cpp

#include "Matrix.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	Matrix<int, 2, 3> matrix_1;
	matrix_1.ReadData();

	Matrix<int, 2, 3> matrix_2(matrix_1);

	Matrix<int, 3, 2> matrix_3;
	matrix_3.ReadData();

	cout << "matrix_1:\n" << matrix_1;
	cout << "matrix_1's maximum number: " << matrix_1.Max() << endl
		<< "matrix_1's minimum number: " << matrix_1.Min() << endl;

	cout << "matrix_1 " << (matrix_1 == matrix_2 ? "" : "not") << "equal to matrix_2" << endl;
	cout << "matrix_1:\n" << matrix_1;
	cout << "matrix_2:\n" << matrix_2;

	cout << "matrix_1 plus matrix_2" << endl;
	cout << matrix_1 + matrix_2 << endl;

	cout << "matrix_1 " << (matrix_1 == matrix_3 ? "" : "not") << "equal to matrix_3" << endl;
	cout << "matrix_1:\n" << matrix_1;
	cout << "matrix_3:\n" << matrix_3;
	cout << "matrix_1 multi matrix_3" << endl
		<< matrix_1 * matrix_3;
	return 0;
}