搭建springmvc脚手架

搭建springmvc脚手架

1.准备工作

• 安装项目管理工具maven

• 安装tomcat

这个自行解决即可

2.创建一个简单的maven的web工程

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注意事项

1.maven工程打包方式为war包

2.要使用eclipse自带的工具帮我们生成web.xml

3.引入依赖

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.shaoming</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc-cli</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
	<properties>
		<junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
		<spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- 文件上传 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
			<version>1.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 单元测试 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>${junit.version}</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- SpringMVC -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Servlet支持Request和Response -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.4</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<!-- java对象转换json的工具类 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
			<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.1</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
			<version>1.2</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
  
</project>

3.springmvc的配置文件

springmvc-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
          				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 1.配置前端控制器放行静态资源(html/css/js等，否则静态资源将无法访问) -->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler />

	<!-- 2.配置注解驱动，用于识别注解（比如@Controller） -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

	<!-- 3.配置需要扫描的包：spring自动去扫描 base-package 下的类， 如果扫描到的类上有 @Controller、@Service、@Component等注解， 
		将会自动将类注册为bean @Controller public class HelloController{} -->
	<context:component-scan
		base-package="com.shaoming.controller">
	</context:component-scan>

	<!-- 4.配置内部资源视图解析器 prefix:配置路径前缀 suffix:配置文件后缀 /WEB-INF/pages/home.jsp -->
	<bean
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>


	<!-- 配置文件上传，如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置，当然如果不配，那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
	<bean id="multipartResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
		<!-- 默认编码 -->
		<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
		<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
		<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
		<!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
		<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
		<!-- 启用是为了推迟文件解析，以便捕获文件大小异常 -->
		<property name="resolveLazily" value="true" />
		<property name="uploadTempDir" value="fileUpload/temp" />
	</bean>

	
</beans>

4.web.xml配置

WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	version="2.5">
	<display-name>springmvc-cli</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<!-- 配置springmvc的前端控制器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 配置springmvc核心配置文件的位置 -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</servlet>
	<!-- 表示匹配除了JSP以外的所有资源，即当浏览器访问服务器时 除了访问JSP，访问其他的资源都会被前端控制器所拦截。 -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 处理POST提交的中文参数乱码问题
		对GET提交不起作用!!
	 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

5.测试项目启动是否成功

在webapp下写一个index.jsp

内容如下:

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
hello world
</h1>
</body>
</html>

• 启动项目

• 访问:localhost:8080/springmvc-cli

• 页面出现

​ helloworld

• 证明springmvc-cli脚手架配置成功

6.测试springmvc相关基础的功能

• 准备工作

实体类

package com.shaoming.model;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;

public class User {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	private Integer age;
	private String sex;
	@JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8")
	@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
	private Date birthday;

	public User(Integer id, String name, Integer age, String sex, Date birthday) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	public User() {
		super();
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
	}

}

返回数据的vo(为了测试用的)

package com.shaoming.model;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class Msg {
    //状态码  100 成功   200 失败
    private int code;
    //提示信息
    private String msg;
    //用户要返回给客户端的数据
    private Map<String,Object> data = new HashMap<String, Object> ();

    //当前对象添加用户要返回给客户端的数据
    public Msg add(String key,Object value){
        this.getData ().put (key,value);
        return this;
    }

    //执行成功
    public static Msg success(){
        Msg result = new Msg ();
        result.setCode (100);
        result.setMsg ("执行成功！");
        return result;
    }

    //执行失败
    public static Msg fail(){
        Msg result = new Msg ();
        result.setCode (200);
        result.setMsg ("执行失败！");
        return result;
    }

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(Map<String, Object> data) {
        this.data = data;
    }
}

• 测试controller

package com.shaoming.controller;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.shaoming.model.Msg;
import com.shaoming.model.User;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/mvc")
public class HelloController {
	/**
	 * 1.返回jsp页面
	 * 
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/tojsp")
	public String toJspPage() {
		return "hello";
	}

	/**
	 * 2.返回字符窜,看是否有中文乱码 
	 produces="text/html;charset=UTF-8;"这段配置解决返回字符串中文乱码的问题
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/tostring", produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8;")
	@ResponseBody
	public String toString() {
		return "返回string字符窜,看是否有中文乱码";
	}

	/**
	 * 3.返回json格式的字符窜
	 * 
	 * @ReponseBody这个注解的使用
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/tojson")
	@ResponseBody
	public Msg tojson() {
		return Msg.success().add("返回内容为", new User(1, "user的name", 18, "男", new Date()));
	}

	/**
	 * 4.传递json数据
	 * 
	 * @RequestBody这个注解的使用 传递json成功,返回到成功页面 请求的测试数据
	 *                   
	 {"id":1,"name":"user的name","age":19,"birthday":"2020/08/26 00:08:57","sex":"男"}
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/injson", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String injson(@RequestBody User user) {
		System.out.println(user);
		return "success";
	}

7.springmvc的文件上传功能

• 准备工作

引入相关的依赖

        <!-- 文件上传 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
			<version>1.3</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
			<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>

springmvc配置文件springmvc-config.xml配置文件上传的相关的参数

<!-- 配置文件上传，如果没有使用文件上传可以不用配置，当然如果不配，那么配置文件中也不必引入上传组件包 -->
	<bean id="multipartResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
		<!-- 默认编码 -->
		<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
		<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
		<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
		<!-- 内存中的最大值 -->
		<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
		<!-- 启用是为了推迟文件解析，以便捕获文件大小异常 -->
		<property name="resolveLazily" value="true" />
		<property name="uploadTempDir" value="fileUpload/temp" />
	</bean>

在src/main/webapp下建一个文件夹测试文件上传

我这里定义的是upresource

• 准备三个文件,一个压缩包,一个图片,一个.md文档

oracle.md

commons-beanutils-1.9.3-bin.zip

Koala.jpg

• 写controller方法,进行文件上传

/**
	 * 文件上传
	 * 
	 * @param myfiles
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/upload",produces = "text/html;charset=UTF-8;",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	@ResponseBody
	public String upload(@RequestParam MultipartFile[] myfiles, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
		for (MultipartFile file : myfiles) {
			// 此处MultipartFile[]表明是多文件,如果是单文件MultipartFile就行了
			if (file.isEmpty()) {
				System.out.println("文件未上传!");
			} else {
				// 得到上传的文件名
				String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
				// 得到服务器项目发布运行所在地址
				String path1 = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upresource") + File.separator;
				// 此处未使用UUID来生成唯一标识,用日期做为标识
				//String path = path1 + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date()) + fileName;
				// 查看文件上传路径,方便查找
				String path = path1 + "/" + fileName;
				System.out.println(path);
				// 把文件上传至path的路径
				File localFile = new File(path);
				file.transferTo(localFile);
			}
		}
		return "文件上传成功";
	}

说明:

String path1 = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(“upresource”) + File.separator;

path1就是项目文件上传路径

String path = path1 + “/” + fileName;

path1是需要上传后文件的路径

• 文件下载的jsp页面

  up.jsp

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>


	<form action="http://localhost:8080/springmvc-cli/mvc/upload" method="post"
		enctype="multipart/form-data">
		文件1: <input type="file" name="myfiles" /><br /> 文件2: <input
			type="file" name="myfiles" /><br /> 文件3: <input type="file"
			name="myfiles" /><br /> <input type="submit" value="上传">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

说明:

form表单重要的配置

method=“post”
enctype=“multipart/form-data”

(1)post表示文件上传是一个post请求

(2)enctype表示这是文件上传

8.springmvc的文件下载功能

说明:

为了测试,使用超链接的方式下载上传目录下已有的文件

• 下载的jsp页面

  down.jsp

<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>下载页面</title>
    <!--引入jQuery-->
    <script  src="https://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<a href="http://localhost:8080/springmvc-cli/mvc/download?fileName=oracle.md">下载oracle.md文档</a> <hr>
<a href="http://localhost:8080/springmvc-cli/mvc/download?fileName=commons-beanutils-1.9.3-bin.zip">
下载commons-beanutils-1.9.3-bin.zip压缩文件</a> <hr>
<a href="http://localhost:8080/springmvc-cli/mvc/download?fileName=Koala.jpg">下载Koala.jpg图片</a> <hr>
</body>
</html>

• 下载文件的controller方法

/**
	 * 文件下载
	 * 
	 * @param fileName
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/download")
	public String download(String fileName, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
		response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
		response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
		try {
			//new String(fileName.getBytes(), "iso-8859-1")是为了防止文件出现中文乱码
			response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;fileName=" + new String(fileName.getBytes(), "iso-8859-1"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e1.printStackTrace();
		}
		try {
			String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("image") + File.separator;
			InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(path + fileName));

			OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
			byte[] b = new byte[2048];
			int length;
			while ((length = inputStream.read(b)) > 0) {
				os.write(b, 0, length);
			}
			// 这里主要关闭。
			os.close();
			inputStream.close();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		// 返回值要注意，要不然就出现下面这句错误！
		// java+getOutputStream() has already been called for this response
		return null;
	}

tStackTrace();
}
try {
String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath(“image”) + File.separator;
InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(new File(path + fileName));

		OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
		byte[] b = new byte[2048];
		int length;
		while ((length = inputStream.read(b)) > 0) {
			os.write(b, 0, length);
		}
		// 这里主要关闭。
		os.close();
		inputStream.close();
	} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	// 返回值要注意，要不然就出现下面这句错误！
	// java+getOutputStream() has already been called for this response
	return null;
}