文件的上传与下载代码

文件上传代码

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtils;

public class UploadServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {

    // request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 要执行文件上传的操作
    // 判断表单是否支持文件上传。即：enctype="multipart/form-data"
    boolean isMultipartContent = ServletFileUpload
            .isMultipartContent(request);
    if (!isMultipartContent) {
        throw new RuntimeException("your form is not multipart/form-data");
    }

    // 创建一个DiskFileItemfactory工厂类
    DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
    factory.setRepository(new File("f:\\"));// 指定临时文件的存储目录
    // 创建一个ServletFileUpload核心对象
    ServletFileUpload sfu = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
    // 解决上传表单项乱码问题
    sfu.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
    // 限制上传文件的大小

    // 解析request对象，并得到一个表单项的集合
    try {
        // sfu.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*3);//表示3M大小
        List<FileItem> fileItems = sfu.parseRequest(request);

        // 遍历表单项数据
        for (FileItem fileitem : fileItems) {
            if (fileitem.isFormField()) {
                // 普通表单项
                processFormField(fileitem);
            } else {
                // 上传表单项
                processUploadField(fileitem);
            }
        }

    } catch (FileUploadBase.FileSizeLimitExceededException e) {
        // throw new RuntimeException("文件过在，不能超过3M");

        System.out.println("文件过在，不能超过3M");
    } catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException e) {
        System.out.println("总文件大小不能超过6M");
    } catch (FileUploadException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

private void processUploadField(FileItem fileitem) {
    try {
        // 得到文件输入流
        InputStream is = fileitem.getInputStream();

        // 创建一个文件存盘的目录
        String directoryRealPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath(
                "/WEB-INF/upload");
        File storeDirectory = new File(directoryRealPath);// 即代表文件又代表目录
        if (!storeDirectory.exists()) {
            storeDirectory.mkdirs();// 创建一个指定的目录
        }
        // 得到上传的名子
        String filename = fileitem.getName();// 文件项中的值 F:\**\**\
        if (filename != null) {
            // filename =
            // filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(File.separator)+1);
            filename = FilenameUtils.getName(filename);// 效果同上
        }

        // 解决文件同名的问题
        filename = UUID.randomUUID() + "_" + filename;
        // 目录打散
        // String childDirectory = makeChildDirectory(storeDirectory); //
        // 2015-10-19
        String childDirectory = makeChildDirectory(storeDirectory, filename); // a/b

        // 上传文件，自动删除临时文件
        fileitem.write(new File(storeDirectory, childDirectory
                + File.separator + filename));
        fileitem.delete();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

// 上传表单项
private void processUploadField1(FileItem fileitem) {

    try {
        // 得到文件输入流
        InputStream is = fileitem.getInputStream();

        // 创建一个文件存盘的目录
        String directoryRealPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath(
                "/WEB-INF/upload");
        File storeDirectory = new File(directoryRealPath);// 即代表文件又代表目录
        if (!storeDirectory.exists()) {
            storeDirectory.mkdirs();// 创建一个指定的目录
        }
        // 得到上传的名子
        String filename = fileitem.getName();// 
        // 处理文件名
        /*
         * 解决此问题： F:\\apache-tomcat-7.0.52\\webapps\\**\\upload\\F:\\**
         */
        if (filename != null) {
            // filename =
            // filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(File.separator)+1);
            filename = FilenameUtils.getName(filename);// 效果同上
        }

        // 解决文件同名的问题
        filename = UUID.randomUUID() + "_" + filename;

        // 目录打散
        // String childDirectory = makeChildDirectory(storeDirectory); //
        // 2015-10-19
        String childDirectory = makeChildDirectory(storeDirectory, filename); // 2015-10-19

        // 在storeDirectory下，创建完整目录下的文件
        File file = new File(storeDirectory, childDirectory
                + File.separator + filename); // 绝对目录/日期目录/文件名
        // 通过文件输出流将上传的文件保存到磁盘
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);

        int len = 0;
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) {
            fos.write(b, 0, len);
        }
        //关闭流
        fos.close();
        is.close();

        fileitem.delete();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

}

// 目录打散
private String makeChildDirectory(File storeDirectory, String filename) {
    int hashcode = filename.hashCode();// 返回字符转换的32位hashcode码
    System.out.println(hashcode);
    String code = Integer.toHexString(hashcode); // 把hashcode转换为16进制的字符
                                                    // abdsaf2131safsd
    System.out.println(code);
    String childDirectory = code.charAt(0) + File.separator
            + code.charAt(1); // a/b
    // 创建指定目录
    File file = new File(storeDirectory, childDirectory);
    if (!file.exists()) {
        file.mkdirs();
    }
    return childDirectory;
}

// 按日期打散
/*
 * private String makeChildDirectory(File storeDirectory) {
 * 
 * SimpleDateFormat sdf =new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); String
 * dateDirectory = sdf.format(new Date()); //只管创建目录 File file = new
 * File(storeDirectory,dateDirectory); if(!file.exists()){ file.mkdirs(); }
 * 
 * return dateDirectory; }
 */
// 普通表单项
private void processFormField(FileItem fileitem) {
    try {
        String fieldname = fileitem.getFieldName();// 字段名
        String fieldvalue = fileitem.getString("UTF-8");// 字段值
        //fieldvalue = new String(fieldvalue.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"utf-8");
        System.out.println(fieldname + "=" + fieldvalue);
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
        throws ServletException, IOException {
    doGet(request, response);
}

}

文件上传注意问题

1. 设置上传文件的大小问题；
2. 判断上传文件类型，如果是可执行文件等是非常危险的；
3. 如果系统较大，上传的文件比较多，注意要多分一下目录(按时间等)，解决可能上传文件同名情况，以及上传文件的保存路径
4. 注意设置编码问题，form表单中要有上传的属性，才能上传。

文件下载代码

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置一个要下载的文件
        String filename = "电器";

        //设置文件名的编码
        if(request.getHeader("user-agent").toLowerCase().contains("msie")){
            filename = URLEncoder.encode(filename, "UTF-8");//将不安全的文件名改为UTF-8格式
        }else{
            filename = new String(filename.getBytes("UTF-8"),"iso-8859-1");//火狐浏览器
        }
        //告知浏览器要下载文件
        response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
        //response.setHeader("content-type", "image/jpeg");
        response.setContentType(this.getServletContext().getMimeType(filename));//根据文件名自动获得文件类型

        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//告知服务器使用什么编码
        //创建一个文件输出流
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.write("电视机,20\n");
        out.write("洗衣机,10\n");
        out.write("冰箱,8\n");
    }

    public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}