一、什么是桥接模式
Bridge 模式又叫做桥接模式,是构造型的设计模式之一。Bridge模式基于类的最小设计原则,通过使用封装,聚合以及继承等行为来让不同的类承担不同的责任。它的主要特点是把抽象(abstraction)与行为实现(implementation)分离开来,从而可以保持各部分的独立性以及应对它们的功能扩展。
二、桥接模式的结构
三、桥接模式的角色和职责
Client
Bridge模式的使用者
Abstraction
抽象类接口(接口或抽象类)
维护对行为实现(Implementor)的引用
Refined Abstraction
Abstraction子类
Implementor
行为实现类接口 (Abstraction接口定义了基于Implementor接口的更高层次的操作)
ConcreteImplementor
Implementor子类
代码实现:
Implementor类:
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public interface Engine {
/**
* 安装发动引擎
*/
public void installEngine();
}
ConcreteImplementor类:
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public class Engine2000 implements Engine {
@Override
public void installEngine() {
System.out.println("安装2000CC发动引擎");
}
}
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public class Engine2200 implements Engine {
@Override
public void installEngine() {
System.out.println("安装2200CC发动引擎");
}
}
Abstraction类:
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public abstract class Car {
private Engine engine;
public Car(Engine engine) {
this.engine = engine;
}
public Engine getEngine() {
return engine;
}
public void setEngine(Engine engine) {
this.engine = engine;
}
public abstract void installEngine();
}
Refined Abstraction类:
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public class Bus extends Car {
public Bus(Engine engine) {
super(engine);
}
@Override
public void installEngine() {
System.out.print("Bus:");
this.getEngine().installEngine();
}
}
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public class Jeep extends Car {
public Jeep(Engine engine) {
super(engine);
}
@Override
public void installEngine() {
System.out.print("Jeep:");
this.getEngine().installEngine();
}
}
Client类:
package com.qianyan.bridge;
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Engine engine2000 = new Engine2000();
Engine engine2200 = new Engine2200();
Car bus = new Bus(engine2000);
bus.installEngine();
Car jeep = new Jeep(engine2200);
jeep.installEngine();
}
}
Result:
Bus:安装2000CC发动引擎
Jeep:安装2200CC发动引擎