AVPacket结构用于保存压缩编码过的数据。在解码时,该结构的实例通常作为解复用器(demuxer)的输出并输入到解码器中;在编码时,通常是编码器的输出,并输入到复用器(muxer)中。该结构体的定义如下:
typedef struct AVPacket {
/**
* A reference to the reference-counted buffer where the packet data is
* stored.
* May be NULL, then the packet data is not reference-counted.
*/
AVBufferRef *buf;
/**
* Presentation timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
* the decompressed packet will be presented to the user.
* Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
* pts MUST be larger or equal to dts as presentation cannot happen before
* decompression, unless one wants to view hex dumps. Some formats misuse
* the terms dts and pts/cts to mean something different. Such timestamps
* must be converted to true pts/dts before they are stored in AVPacket.
*/
int64_t pts;//显示时间戳
/**
* Decompression timestamp in AVStream->time_base units; the time at which
* the packet is decompressed.
* Can be AV_NOPTS_VALUE if it is not stored in the file.
*/
int64_t dts;//解码时间戳
uint8_t *data;//实例所包含的压缩数据,直接获取该指针指向缓存的数据可以得到压缩过的码流;
int size;//原始压缩数据的大小
int stream_index;//标识当前AVPacket所从属的码流
/**
* A combination of AV_PKT_FLAG values
*/
int flags;
/**
* Additional packet data that can be provided by the container.
* Packet can contain several types of side information.
*/
struct {
uint8_t *data;
int size;
enum AVPacketSideDataType type;
} *side_data;
int side_data_elems;
/**
* Duration of this packet in AVStream->time_base units, 0 if unknown.
* Equals next_pts - this_pts in presentation order.
*/
int duration;
#if FF_API_DESTRUCT_PACKET
attribute_deprecated
void (*destruct)(struct AVPacket *);
attribute_deprecated
void *priv;
#endif
int64_t pos; ///< byte position in stream, -1 if unknown
/**
* Time difference in AVStream->time_base units from the pts of this
* packet to the point at which the output from the decoder has converged
* independent from the availability of previous frames. That is, the
* frames are virtually identical no matter if decoding started from
* the very first frame or from this keyframe.
* Is AV_NOPTS_VALUE if unknown.
* This field is not the display duration of the current packet.
* This field has no meaning if the packet does not have AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY
* set.
*
* The purpose of this field is to allow seeking in streams that have no
* keyframes in the conventional sense. It corresponds to the
* recovery point SEI in H.264 and match_time_delta in NUT. It is also
* essential for some types of subtitle streams to ensure that all
* subtitles are correctly displayed after seeking.
*/
int64_t convergence_duration;
} AVPacket;
在demo中,调用了av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet)函数从pFormatCtx所指向的环境的文件中读取压缩码流数据,保存到AVPacket实例packet中。av_read_frame()函数实现如下所示:
int av_read_frame(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
const int genpts = s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_GENPTS;
int eof = 0;
int ret;
AVStream *st;
if (!genpts) {
ret = s->packet_buffer ?
read_from_packet_buffer(&s->packet_buffer, &s->packet_buffer_end, pkt) :
read_frame_internal(s, pkt);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
goto return_packet;
}
for (;;) {
AVPacketList *pktl = s->packet_buffer;
if (pktl) {
AVPacket *next_pkt = &pktl->pkt;
if (next_pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
int wrap_bits = s->streams[next_pkt->stream_index]->pts_wrap_bits;
// last dts seen for this stream. if any of packets following
// current one had no dts, we will set this to AV_NOPTS_VALUE.
int64_t last_dts = next_pkt->dts;
while (pktl && next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
if (pktl->pkt.stream_index == next_pkt->stream_index &&
(av_compare_mod(next_pkt->dts, pktl->pkt.dts, 2LL << (wrap_bits - 1)) < 0)) {
if (av_compare_mod(pktl->pkt.pts, pktl->pkt.dts, 2LL << (wrap_bits - 1))) { //not b frame
next_pkt->pts = pktl->pkt.dts;
}
if (last_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
// Once last dts was set to AV_NOPTS_VALUE, we don't change it.
last_dts = pktl->pkt.dts;
}
}
pktl = pktl->next;
}
if (eof && next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE && last_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
// Fixing the last reference frame had none pts issue (For MXF etc).
// We only do this when
// 1. eof.
// 2. we are not able to resolve a pts value for current packet.
// 3. the packets for this stream at the end of the files had valid dts.
next_pkt->pts = last_dts + next_pkt->duration;
}
pktl = s->packet_buffer;
}
/* read packet from packet buffer, if there is data */
if (!(next_pkt->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
next_pkt->dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE && !eof)) {
ret = read_from_packet_buffer(&s->packet_buffer,
&s->packet_buffer_end, pkt);
goto return_packet;
}
}
ret = read_frame_internal(s, pkt);
if (ret < 0) {
if (pktl && ret != AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
eof = 1;
continue;
} else
return ret;
}
if (av_dup_packet(add_to_pktbuf(&s->packet_buffer, pkt,
&s->packet_buffer_end)) < 0)
return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
}
return_packet:
st = s->streams[pkt->stream_index];
if (st->skip_samples) {
uint8_t *p = av_packet_new_side_data(pkt, AV_PKT_DATA_SKIP_SAMPLES, 10);
if (p) {
AV_WL32(p, st->skip_samples);
av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "demuxer injecting skip %d\n", st->skip_samples);
}
st->skip_samples = 0;
}
if ((s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_GENERIC_INDEX) && pkt->flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) {
ff_reduce_index(s, st->index);
av_add_index_entry(st, pkt->pos, pkt->dts, 0, 0, AVINDEX_KEYFRAME);
}
if (is_relative(pkt->dts))
pkt->dts -= RELATIVE_TS_BASE;
if (is_relative(pkt->pts))
pkt->pts -= RELATIVE_TS_BASE;
return ret;
}