synchronized用来修饰一个方法或者一个代码块的时候,能够保证在同一时刻最多只有一个线程执行该段代码。
需要注意的问题有:
- 当多个并发线程访问同一个对象实例的synchronized代码块时,只有一个线程能够执行这个代码块,只有当前线程运行结束后,其他线程才可以执行这个代码块。
- 当一个线程访问一个对象实例的synchronized代码块时,其他线程仍然可以访问该对象实例中其他非synchronized代码块。
- 当一个线程访问一个对象实例的synchronized代码块时,其他线程对该对象实例中的所有synchronized代码块的访问都将被阻塞。
- 当一个线程访问一个对象实例的synchronized代码块时,该线程也就获得了这个对象实例的对象锁,所以其他线程对该对象实例中的synchronized代码块的访问就被阻塞了
public class Thread1 implements Runnable {
public void run() {
synchronized(this) {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " synchronized loop " + i);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread1 t1 = new Thread1();
Thread ta = new Thread(t1, "A");
Thread tb = new Thread(t1, "B");
ta.start();
tb.start();
}
}
public class Thread2 {
public void m4t1() {
synchronized(this) {
int i = 5;
while( i-- > 0) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : " + i);
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
}
}
}
}
public void m4t2() {
int i = 5;
while( i-- > 0) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : " + i);
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Thread2 myt2 = new Thread2();
Thread t1 = new Thread( new Runnable() { public void run() { myt2.m4t1(); } }, "t1" );
Thread t2 = new Thread( new Runnable() { public void run() { myt2.m4t2(); } }, "t2" );
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}
public class Thread3 {
public void m4t1() {
synchronized (this) {
int i = 5;
while (i-- > 0) {
System.out
.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : " + i);
}
}
}
public void m4t2() {
synchronized (this) {
int i = 5;
while (i-- > 0) {
System.out
.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : " + i);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Thread3 myt3 = new Thread3();
Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
myt3.m4t1();
}
}, "t1");
Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
myt3.m4t2();
}
}, "t2");
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
}