字符串_过滤处理

Demo:

限制只能有数字

#define NUMBERS @"0123456789"
            `           
            `
            `
//限制只能输入特定的字符
        //invertedSet方法是去反字符,把所有的除了kNumber里的字符都找出来(包含去空格功能)
        NSCharacterSet *cs;
        cs = [[NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:NUMBERS] invertedSet];
        NSString *filtered = [[string componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:cs]componentsJoinedByString:@""]; //按cs分离出数组,数组按@""分离出字符串
        canChange = [string isEqualToString:filtered];

一.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet过滤

//有字符串“A~B^C_D>E”，拆分出单个字母:

     NSString *str =@"      A~B^C_D>E       ";

        str = [str stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSetwhitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]];//去掉前边和后边的空格

        NSCharacterSet * charSet = [NSCharacterSetcharacterSetWithCharactersInString:@"^~_>"];

        NSArray *arr = [strcomponentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:charSet];

       //输出看效果

        [arr enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id obj,NSUInteger idx,BOOL *stop) {

            NSLog(@"A~B^C_D->[%@]", obj);

        }];

PS：用stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet这个方法进行过滤，它能做到的仅仅是把字符串两端的非法字符过滤，但是包含在字符串里非法字符则无能为力

二.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet: 和componentsJoinedByString:过滤

     NSString *string =@"     123,45_6  7/8>9a     ";

        NSString * kNumber =@"0123456789.";

        NSCharacterSet *numberSet = [[NSCharacterSetcharacterSetWithCharactersInString:kNumber]invertedSet];

        //invertedSet方法是去反字符,把所有的除了kNumber里的字符都找出来(包含去空格功能)

        NSString *fieldString = [[stringcomponentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:numberSet]componentsJoinedByString:@""];

        NSLog(@"number__[%@]", fieldString);

另：
去除 username中的空格，table newline，nextline代码如下：（三行代码）

NSCharacterSet *whitespace = [NSCharacterSet  whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]; 

NSString * username = [mUsernameField  stringValue]; 

username = [username  stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:whitespace]; 

第1行是是去除2端的空格
第2行是去除回车

NSString *temptext = [messageTextField.text stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceCharacterSet]];
NSString *text = [temptext stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet ]];

PS：NSCharacterSet其实是许多字符或者数字或者符号的组合,由于NSString中有全角符号和半角符号, 因此有些符号要包括全角和半角的

三.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString替代

使用stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString这个方法将字符串里的非法字符逐个替代。
具体如下：

1 tempString = [tempString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@""];
2 tempString = [tempString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"#" withString:@""];
3 tempString = [tempString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"*" withString:@""];
4 tempString = [tempString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"+" withString:@""];
5 tempString = [tempString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"-" withString:@""];

PS:这样做比较烦的一个问题就是，如果要过滤掉的非法字符有很多的话，就得写多行这种替代代码。

//另：string<->array的转换

将string字符串转换为array数组
 NSArray  *array = [Str componentsSeparatedByString:@","];

＝＝反向方法
将array数组转换为string字符串
 NSString *tempString = [mutableArray componentsJoinedByString:@","];

参考自：
http://www.th7.cn/Program/IOS/201506/489090.shtml
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_60f977e70101fbid.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5421851501014xif.html