Linux下以命令行方式新建oracle数据库实例

承接上次所说，数据库创建好了之后，新建一个数据库实例caacdb。

一、Create database 
---------------------------------------------
   1. create log dir
   
      $ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID
      $ cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID
      $ mkdir adump bdump cdump dpdump hdump pfile udump
      
   2. init file
      $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/pfile/init.ora
      ---------------------------------------------
##############################################################################
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation
##############################################################################
 
###########################################
# Cache and I/O
###########################################
db_block_size=8192
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
 
###########################################
# Cluster Database
###########################################
instance_name=caacdb
 
###########################################
# Cursors and Library Cache
###########################################
open_cursors=300
 
###########################################
# Database Identification
###########################################
db_domain=""
db_name=caacdb
 
###########################################
# Diagnostics and Statistics
###########################################
background_dump_dest=/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/bdump
core_dump_dest=/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/cdump
user_dump_dest=/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/udump
 
###########################################
# File Configuration
###########################################
db_recovery_file_dest=/opt/app/oracle/flush_area/caacdb
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
control_files=("/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/control01.ctl", "/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/control02.ctl")


###########################################
# Job Queues
###########################################
job_queue_processes=10
 
###########################################
# Miscellaneous
###########################################
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
 
###########################################
# Processes and Sessions
###########################################
processes=150
 
###########################################
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=285212672
 
###########################################
# Security and Auditing
###########################################
audit_file_dest=/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/adump
remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive
 
###########################################
# Sort, Hash Joins, Bitmap Indexes
###########################################
pga_aggregate_target=94371840
 
###########################################
# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments
###########################################
undo_management=AUTO
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS


   
   3. create oracle password file
      $ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle
      
   4. create database
      $ sqlplus /nolog
      SQL> conn / as sysdba;
      SQL> startup nomount pfile="/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/pfile/init.ora";
      SQL> 
CREATE DATABASE caacdb
   MAXINSTANCES 8
   MAXLOGHISTORY 16
   MAXLOGFILES 16
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
   MAXDATAFILES 512
   DATAFILE '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 2048M REUSE 
      AUTOEXTEND OFF
      EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 1024M REUSE 
      AUTOEXTEND OFF
   SMALLFILE DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/temp01.dbf' SIZE 4096M REUSE 
      AUTOEXTEND OFF
   SMALLFILE UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS" DATAFILE '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 10000M REUSE 
      AUTOEXTEND OFF
   CHARACTER SET zhs16cgb231280
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/redo01.log') SIZE 102400K,
           GROUP 2 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/redo02.log') SIZE 102400K,
           GROUP 3 ('/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/redo03.log') SIZE 102400K
   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY "ora" 
   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY "ora";
   
       SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql;
       SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;
       SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql;
       SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;
       
       
       SQL> conn system/oracle;
       SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;
       SQL> @?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql;
       
   5.  Add default user tablespace
      SQL> conn sys/oracle as sysdba;
      SQL> CREATE SMALLFILE TABLESPACE USERS 
             LOGGING 
             DATAFILE '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/caacdb/users01.dbf' SIZE 1000M REUSE 
             AUTOEXTEND OFF
             EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL 
             SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT  AUTO;
      SQL> ALTER DATABASE DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS;


   6.  Create spfile 
   
      SQL> create spfile from pfile='/opt/app/oracle/admin/caacdb/pfile/init.ora';
      SQL> shutdown immediate;




7. set listener port to other (1521)
   $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora


SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
   (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = caacdb)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = caacdb)
    )
)
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =0.0.0.0)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )


   $ sqlplus /nolog
   SQL> alter system set local_listener="(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 0.0.0.0)(PORT = 1521))" scope=spfile;


二、Set archive log mode
-----------------------------------------
   1. Set Parameter


      SQL> alter system set log_archive_format = 'caacdb_%r_%T_%S.ARC' scope=spfile;


      **********************************
      %s log sequence number
      %S log sequence number, zero filled


      %t thread number
      %T thread number, zero filled
      
      %a activation ID
      %d database ID
      %r resetlogs ID that ensures unique names are constructed for the archived log files across multiple incarnations of the database
      **********************************
      
      SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1 = 'LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST' scope=spfile;
      
      
      SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2 = 'LOCATION=/oracle/arch/caacdb' scope=spfile;
      
   2.  Switch log mode
      SQL> shutdown immediate;
      SQL> startup mount;
      SQL> alter database archivelog;
      SQL> alter database open;
      SQL> archive log list;
      
   3. Test archive log 
      SQL> alter system switch logfile;
      SQL> alter system switch logfile;
      SQL> alter system switch logfile;
      
      SQL> show parameter db_recovery_file_dest
      NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
      ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
      db_recovery_file_dest                string      /oracle/flush_area/caacdb
      db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 2G


      
      $ ls /oracle/arch/caacdb
      caacdb_685304034_0001_0000000008.ARC  
      caacdb_685304034_0001_0000000010.ARC
      caacdb_685304034_0001_0000000009.ARC
      
      $ ls -R /oracle/flush_area/caacdb/


/oracle/flush_area/caacdb:
caacdb


/oracle/flush_area/caacdb/caacdb:
archivelog


/oracle/flush_area/caacdb/caacdb/archivelog:
2009_04_27


/oracle/flush_area/caacdb/caacdb/archivelog/2009_04_27:
o1_mf_1_10_4zc8jy8t_.arc  o1_mf_1_8_4zc8jg2w_.arc  o1_mf_1_9_4zc8jlnd_.arc

三、开启服务

 1. 启动数据库：

sqlplus/ as sysdba (连接实例)  

startup      (启动数据库)

2.      启动监听：

lsnrctl start

 验证数据库实例及监听状态：