BGP综合实验

目录

1、题目

2、IP地址规划以及拓扑图 

 4、配置环回（用户环回--24、建邻环回--32）以及IP地址

5、启动OSPF协议

 6、启动BGP协议

 7、宣告路由

7.1、宣告R1的环回

7.2、宣告R8的环回

 8、汇总

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1、题目

2、IP地址规划以及拓扑图 

建邻 32 位 用户24位

172.16.0.0/24——/30骨干

172.16.1.0/24——/32建邻环回

172.16.2.0-172.16.7.0/24 用户网段

 4、配置环回（用户环回--24、建邻环回--32）以及IP地址

[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24

[r2]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.2 32
[r2-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip ad 172.16.2.1 24
[r2-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.1 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.0.9 30

[r3]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.3 32
[r3-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r3-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.5 30

[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.4 32
[r4-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[r4-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.6 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.21 30

[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.5 32
[r5-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
[r5-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.10 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.13 30

[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.6 32
[r6-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
[r6-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.14 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.17 30

[r7]int lo0
[[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.7 32
[[r7-LoopBack0]int lo1
[[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[[r7-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.18 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.0.22 30
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 78.1.1.1 24

[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 78.1.1.2 24

5、启动OSPF协议

[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

由于所有用户网段环回变成32位，此时需更改R2-R7用户环回的工作方式

代码：ospf network-type broadcast

 6、启动BGP协议

由于会打破水平分割，所以直接挨着建邻

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2

[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1

[r3]bgp 64512	
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512	
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 as-number 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 ebgp-max-hop 2

[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 connect-interface LoopBack 0

[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 78.1.1.2 as-number 3

 7、宣告路由

7.1、宣告R1的环回

[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 1.1.1.0 24

 此时R2优，R3和R5不优

解决办法：在R2上修改下一跳

[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.3 next-hop-local 
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 next-hop-local

此时R2,R3,R5,R6均优，但无法继续往下传（R4,R7没有）

解决办法：反射器和联邦

[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 reflect-client

此时R4,R7,R8均有且R7会回传给R6，R6有两个优

[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.7 reflect-client 

 此时全网均学到R1的环回

7.2、宣告R8的环回

[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 8.8.8.0 24

修改下一跳

[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.4 next-hop-local 
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local

由于R6和R7是客户关系,R5和R6是非客户关系，可以优，此时全网均学到R8的环回

此时：全网均学到R1和R8的环回

 8、汇总

在R2，R7上写空接口并宣告

[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 null 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21

[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 null 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21