内核态如何分析空闲页，空闲内存available memory in kernel

问题背景

  由于学习需要，需要在内核态下获得有关内存的信息，一开始的想法是直接去取proc文件下的meminfo就好了，但是想到既然已经是内核态了，为什么不看看meminfo是怎么实现的，找到更底层的api去做研究呢？于是就去看了看meminfo的实现：

// https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/fs/proc/meminfo.c
static int meminfo_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
{
	struct sysinfo i;
	unsigned long committed;
	long cached;
	long available;
	unsigned long pages[NR_LRU_LISTS];
	unsigned long sreclaimable, sunreclaim;
	int lru;

	si_meminfo(&i);
	si_swapinfo(&i);
	committed = percpu_counter_read_positive(&vm_committed_as);

	cached = global_node_page_state(NR_FILE_PAGES) -
			total_swapcache_pages() - i.bufferram;
	if (cached < 0)
		cached = 0;

	for (lru = LRU_BASE; lru < NR_LRU_LISTS; lru++)
		pages[lru] = global_node_page_state(NR_LRU_BASE + lru);

	available = si_mem_available();
	sreclaimable = global_node_page_state(NR_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE);
	sunreclaim = global_node_page_state(NR_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE);

	show_val_kb(m, "MemTotal:       ", i.totalram);
	show_val_kb(m, "MemFree:        ", i.freeram);
	show_val_kb(m, "MemAvailable:   ", available);
	show_val_kb(m, "Buffers:        ", i.bufferram);
	show_val_kb(m, "Cached:         ", cached);
	show_val_kb(m, "SwapCached:     ", total_swapcache_pages());
	show_val_kb(m, "Active:         ", pages[LRU_ACTIVE_ANON] +
					   pages[LRU_ACTIVE_FILE]);
	show_val_kb(m, "Inactive:       ", pages[LRU_INACTIVE_ANON] +
					   pages[LRU_INACTIVE_FILE]);
	show_val_kb(m, "Active(anon):   ", pag