【Docker构建】- Nginx创建带Nginx服务的Centos Docker镜像

Nginx是一个高性能的Web和反向代理服务器,它具有很多非常优越的特性,下面我就分步骤向大家介绍如何创建带Nginx服务的Centos Docker镜像.

基础镜像:

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
sshd-centos         latest              64136bdc0cc8        45 hours ago        261.8 MB
centos              latest              0f73ae75014f        5 weeks ago         172.3 MB
   
   
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其中镜像sshd-centos是以镜像centos为基础的开放SSH服务的镜像。 

第一部分,手工配置并生成镜像

一 、以镜像sshd-centos为基础新建容器,并指定容器的ssh端口22映射到宿主机的2222端口上

docker run -d -p 2222:22 sshd-centos /usr/sbin/sshd -D
   
   
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查看容器运行情况:

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
ed9361b598c8        sshd-centos         "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   16 minutes ago      Up 16 minutes       0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp   distracted_mclean
   
   
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二、在宿主机上通过ssh登录容器

ssh localhost -p 2222
   
   
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如果提示没有ssh命令请安装openssh-clients

yum install -y openssh-clients
   
   
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三、下载Nginx源码包,编译安装 
1、安装wget

yum install -y wget
   
   
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2、下载源码包

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
   
   
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3、解压源码包

tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.8.0
   
   
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4、安装gcc 、make编译器和Nginx依赖包 
由于下载的docker镜像是简化版,所以连最基本的gcc和make都没有带,只好自已安装; 同时需要安装Nginx依赖包pcre和zlib

yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel
   
   
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5、编译

./configure   --prefix=/usr/local/nginx   --with-pcre

make
make install
   
   
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四,启动nginx服务

 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   
   
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查看是安装是否正常,能否访问默认页:

[root@ed9361b598c8 nginx-1.8.0]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
   
   
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测试成功!

五,修改Ngnix配置文件 
设置生成容器时,Nginx以非daemon启动

echo "\ndaemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
   
   
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六、编写启动ssh和Nginx服务的脚本

cd /usr/local/sbin
vi run.sh
   
   
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脚本内容

#!/bin/bash
/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   
   
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改变脚本权限,使其可以运行

chmod 755 run.sh
   
   
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七、创建带有Nginx和ssh服务的镜像 
1、查看当前容器的 Container ID

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
ed9361b598c8        sshd-centos         "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   16 minutes ago      Up 16 minutes       0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp   distracted_mclean
   
   
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2、根据容器CONTAINER ID生成新的镜像

docker commit ed9361b598c8 nginx:centos
   
   
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3、查看新生成的镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
nginx               centos              b61204959427        10 seconds ago      369.9 MB
sshd-centos         latest              64136bdc0cc8        45 hours ago        261.8 MB
centos              latest              0f73ae75014f        5 weeks ago         172.3 MB
   
   
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八、根据新生成的镜像生成容器 
分别映射容器的22端口和80端口到宿主机的2223端口和8000端口

docker run -d -p 2223:22 -p 8000:80 nginx:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
   
   
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查看生成的容器:

[root@localhost ~]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                        

NAMES
f5a87e085a0b        nginx:centos        "/usr/local/sbin/run   6 seconds ago       Up 5 seconds        0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp   

stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8        sshd-centos         "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"    37 minutes ago      Up 37 minutes       0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp                         

distracted_mclean
   
   
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测试Nginx服务:

[root@localhost ~]# curl localhost:8000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
   
   
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测试ssh服务

[root@localhost ~]# ssh localhost -p 2223
The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2223 ([::1]:2223)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2223' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@localhost's password:
   
   
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测试通过!

第二部分,通过Dockerfile生成镜像 
在宿主机上准备的文件清单:

Dockerfile
#启动ssh和apache服务的角本
run.sh
   
   
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以上文件都放到/root/nginx_centos目录下

mkdir -p /root/nginx_centos
cd /root/nginx_centos
   
   
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一、准备run.sh文件 
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建run.sh

vim run.sh
   
   
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角本内容如下:

#!/bin/bash
/usr/sbin/sshd &
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   
   
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二、准备Dockerfile 
在/root/nginx_centos目录新建Dockerfile

vim Dockerfile
   
   
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文件内容如下:

#新生成的镜像是基于sshd:dockerfile镜像
FROM sshd-centos
MAINTAINER by cmzsteven
WORKDIR /usr/local/src
#安装wget
RUN yum install -y  wget
#下载并解压源码包
RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
RUN tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
WORKDIR nginx-1.8.0
#编译安装nginx
RUN yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel zlib-devel
RUN ./configure   --prefix=/usr/local/nginx   --with-pcre
RUN make
RUN make install
#启动Nginx服务
RUN /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#修改Nginx配置文件,以非daemon方式启动
RUN echo "daemon off;">>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#复制服务启动脚本并设置权限
ADD run.sh /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
RUN chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
#设置生成容器时需要执行的脚本
CMD ["/usr/local/sbin/run.sh"]
#开放22、80、443端口
EXPOSE 22
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
   
   
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需要注意的是:在Dockerfile文件中更换当前目录不可以用“cd”命令,而要改用“WORKDIR”. 
三、根据Dockerfile生成镜像

docker build -t nginx_dockerfile:centos .
   
   
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查看镜像:

[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             VIRTUAL SIZE
nginx_dockerfile    centos              9ad55461b2fe        5 minutes ago       386.1 MB
nginx               centos              b738cec02b29        47 minutes ago      369.9 MB
sshd-centos         latest              64136bdc0cc8        46 hours ago        261.8 MB
centos              latest              0f73ae75014f        5 weeks ago         172.3 MB
   
   
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四、根据镜像生成的容器并进行测试 
1、生成新的容器

[root@localhost nginx_centos]#docker run -d -p 2224:22 -p 8001:80 -p 4443:443 nginx_dockerfile:centos /usr/local/sbin/run.sh
   
   
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将容器的22端口、80端口和443端口分别映射到到宿主机上的2224端口、8001端口和4443端口,并运行服务脚本。 
也可以使用-P参数来让系统随机指定端口映射到22、80和443端口:

docker run -d -P nginx_dockerfile:centos
   
   
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因为在Dockerfile中指定了EXPOSE所以系统会自动将指定的端口映射出来;同时使用CMD来指定生成容器时所需要执行的角本,所以这里省略了“/usr/local/sbin/run.sh”。 
2、查看新生成的容器:

[root@localhost nginx_centos]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                     COMMAND                CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                       

 NAMES
c69d42541f52        nginx_dockerfile:centos   "/usr/local/sbin/run   26 seconds ago      Up 25 seconds       0.0.0.0:2224->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8001->80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:4443->443/tcp 

 high_colden
f5a87e085a0b        nginx:centos              "/usr/local/sbin/run   49 minutes ago      Up 49 minutes       0.0.0.0:2223->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8000->80/tcp  

 stoic_kirch
ed9361b598c8        sshd-centos               "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"    About an hour ago   Up About an hour    0.0.0.0:2222->22/tcp                        

 distracted_mclean

   
   
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3、测试 
测试nignx:

[root@localhost nginx_centos]# curl localhost:8001
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
   
   
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测试成功!

测试ssh

[root@localhost nginx_centos]# ssh localhost -p 2224
The authenticity of host '[localhost]:2224 ([::1]:2224)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is d7:fd:3d:40:46:b6:0c:c9:ee:f1:fb:9e:08:c4:12:57.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[localhost]:2224' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@localhost's password:

   
   
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测试成功!

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