Hibernate联合主键

     有时候我们在项目中可能需要联合主键来实现我们的业务，比如说 对于User类来说，我们可以把cardId和name它们两个联合起来作为User类的主键。

    官方API给我们解释的如下：

     You can use a component as an identifier of an entity class. Your component class must satisfy certain requirements:

      1.它必须实现java.io.Serializable接口

      2.It must re-implement equals() and hashCode() consistently with the database's notion of composite key equality.

      通过上面的我们可以知道，联合主键的实体必须实现Serializable接口以及重写equals()和hashCode()方法。

   为什么要这样做呢？

   重写这两个方法是因为hibernate要根据数据库的联合主键来判断某两行记录是否是一样的，如果一样那么就认为是同一个对象，如果不一样，那么认为是不同的对象，这反映到程序领域中就是根据hashCode与equals方法来判断某两个对象是否能够放到诸如Set这样的集合当中。
   联合主键的实体类实现Serializable接口的原因在于使用get或load方法的时候需要先构建出来该实体的对象，并且将查询依据(联合主键)设置进去，然后作为get或load方法第二个参数传进去即可。

   通过例子应该更好的帮助我们理解：

    User.java 用户实体类

 

package com.bawei.demo.vo;

public class User {

	private UserPK id;
	public UserPK getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(UserPK id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	private String sex;
	private String address;
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", sex=" + sex + ", address=" + address + "]";
	}
	
}

    UserPK.java

package com.bawei.demo.vo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author shenyiya
 * 实体主键 
 *
 */
public class UserPK implements Serializable {

	private String cardId;
	private String name;

	public String getCardId() {
		return cardId;
	}

	public void setCardId(String cardId) {
		this.cardId = cardId;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		final int prime = 31;
		int result = 1;
		result = prime * result + ((cardId == null) ? 0 : cardId.hashCode());
		result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
		return result;
	}

	

	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
		if (this == obj) {
			return true;
		}
		if (obj == null) {
			return false;
		}
		if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
			return false;
		}
		UserPK other = (UserPK) obj;
		if (cardId == null) {
			if (other.cardId != null) {
				return false;
			}
		} else if (!cardId.equals(other.cardId)) {
			return false;
		}
		if (name == null) {
			if (other.name != null) {
				return false;
			} else if (!name.equals(other.name)) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

}

User.hbm.xml  实体映射文件

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping 
PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
	<class name="com.bawei.demo.vo.User" table="user">
		<composite-id name="id" class="com.bawei.demo.vo.UserPK">
			<key-property name="cardId" type="string"></key-property>
			<key-property name="name" type="string"></key-property>
		</composite-id>
		<property name="sex"></property>
		<property name="address"></property>

	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

Hibernate.cfg.xml hibernate配置文件

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                   -->
<hibernate-configuration>

<session-factory>
	<property name="dialect">
		org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
	</property>
	<property name="connection.url">
		jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo
	</property>
	<property name="connection.username">root</property>
	<property name="connection.password">123</property>
	<property name="connection.driver_class">
		com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
	</property>
	<property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">conn</property>
	<property name="show_sql">false</property>
	<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
	<mapping resource="com/bawei/demo/dao/Author.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="com/bawei/demo/dao/Post.hbm.xml" />
	<mapping resource="com/bawei/demo/dao/User.hbm.xml" />

</session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

 

Main 函数 ：

public static void main(String[] args) {
		// 1.初始化配置文件
		Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
		// 2.建立session工厂
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
		// 3.从工厂中取得一个连接
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		// 4.开启事务
		Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//      保存
//		UserPK usersPK = new UserPK();
//		usersPK.setName("zhangsan");
//		usersPK.setCardId("110");
//		User user = new User();
//		user.setId(usersPK);
//		user.setAddress("beijing");
//		user.setSex("M");
//		session.save(user);
		//查询 
		
		UserPK usersPK = new UserPK();
		usersPK.setName("zhangsan");
		usersPK.setCardId("110");
		User user=(User) session.load(User.class, usersPK);
		System.out.println(user.toString());
		
		

		// 5.提交事务
		tx.commit();
		// 6.关闭连接
		session.close();
	}

效果如下图：