array_merge/array_merge_recursive/+ 几个数组合并方法的区别

array_merge/array_merge_recursive/+ 几个数组合并方法的区别

php平时开发中，经常会用到 array_merge来合并两个数组，有时候也会用 + 来合并两个数组，php手册上还有 array_merge_recursive这种合并方法，那么这三者到底有何区别呢？

下面是一个实际的例子

$arrA = ['a'=>1, 'b'=>2, 'c'=>3, 'aab', 'd'=>['are', 'you', 'ok']];
$arrB = [1, 2, 'c'=>4, 'aac', 'd'=>['how','do','you','do']];

$arrC = array_merge($arrA, $arrB);
$arrD = $arrA + $arrB;
$arrE = array_merge_recursive($arrA, $arrB);


var_dump($arrA, $arrB);
print_r($arrC);
print_r($arrD);
print_r($arrE);
echo '<hr/>';

输出结果：

array(5) {
[“a”]=>
int(1)
[“b”]=>
int(2)
[“c”]=>
int(3)
[0]=>
string(3) “aab”
[“d”]=>
array(3) {
[0]=>
string(3) “are”
[1]=>
string(3) “you”
[2]=>
string(2) “ok”
}
}
array(5) {
[0]=>
int(1)
[1]=>
int(2)
[“c”]=>
int(4)
[2]=>
string(3) “aac”
[“d”]=>
array(4) {
[0]=>
string(3) “how”
[1]=>
string(2) “do”
[2]=>
string(3) “you”
[3]=>
string(2) “do”
}
}
Array
(
[a] => 1
[b] => 2
[c] => 4
[0] => aab
[d] => Array
(
[0] => how
[1] => do
[2] => you
[3] => do
)
[1] => 1
[2] => 2
[3] => aac
)
Array
(
[a] => 1
[b] => 2
[c] => 3
[0] => aab
[d] => Array
(
[0] => are
[1] => you
[2] => ok
)
[1] => 2
[2] => aac
)
Array
(
[a] => 1
[b] => 2
[c] => Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => 4
)
[0] => aab
[d] => Array
(
[0] => are
[1] => you
[2] => ok
[3] => how
[4] => do
[5] => you
[6] => do
)
[1] => 1
[2] => 2
[3] => aac
)

结论：
三者的 不同之处：

• 如果有相同键的元素，array_merge以后一个数组的值为准，+ 以前一个数组的值为准，
  array_merge_recursive则会合并多个元素到一个数组里

• 如果是数字索引的元素， 如果下标相同，array_merge会顺延下标，但是 + 会用前一个数组的值覆盖后一个数组中的相同下标的值，array_merge_recursive也会顺延下标

• 所以array_merge后的元素总个数会比 + 操作后的元素多一些
  array_merge_recursive是唯一不丢失两个数组中任一个元素的合并方法。