JSP1.0中可以通过继承TagSupport或者BodyTagSupport来实现自定义的tag处理方法。
JSP2.0中也支持另外一种更为简单的自定tag的方法,那就是直接讲JSP代码保存成*.tag或者*.tagx的标签定义文件。tag和tagx文件不仅支持经典jsp代码,各种标签模版代码,还支持xml样式的jsp指令代码。
按照约定,tag和tagx文件需要放置在WEB-INF/tags目录下。
下面是一些简单的示例:
1.简单地显示时间time.tag
- <%@ tag import="java.util.*" import="java.text.*" %>
- <%
- DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(DateFormat.LONG);
- Date d = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
- out.println(df.format(d));
- %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="util" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- </head>
- <body>
- Today is <util:time/>.
- </body>
- </html>
- <%@ attribute name="count" type="java.lang.Integer" required="true" %>
- <%@ attribute name="value" type="java.lang.String" required="true" %>
- <%!
- private String repeater(Integer count, String s) {
- int n = count.intValue();
- StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
- for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
- sb.append(s);
- }
- return sb.toString();
- }
- %>
- <%
- out.println(repeater(count, value));
- %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="util" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- </head>
- <body>
- Let's get some sleep! <util:repeater count='${3 * 10}' value='zzz'/>
- </body>
- </html>
- <%@ tag import="java.util.*" %>
- <%@ attribute name="cityName" required="true" %>
- <%@ variable name-given="province" %>
- <%@ variable name-given="population" variable-class="java.lang.Integer" %>
- <%
- if ("Toronto".equals(cityName)) {
- jspContext.setAttribute("province", "Ontario");
- jspContext.setAttribute("population", new Integer(2553400));
- }
- else if ("Montreal".equals(cityName)) {
- jspContext.setAttribute("province", "Quebec");
- jspContext.setAttribute("population", new Integer(2195800));
- }
- else {
- jspContext.setAttribute("province", "Unknown");
- jspContext.setAttribute("population", new Integer(-1));
- }
- %>
- <jsp:doBody/>
- <%@ taglib prefix="util" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- </head>
- <body>
- <% pageContext.setAttribute("cityName", "Montreal"); %>
- <util:lookup cityName="${cityName}">
- ${cityName}'s province is ${province}.
- ${cityName}'s population is approximately ${population / 1000000} million.
- </util:lookup>
- </body>
- </html>
*使用标签:
- <%@ tag import="java.util.*" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
- <%@ attribute name="cityName" required="true" %>
- <%@ variable name-given="province" %>
- <%@ variable name-given="population" %>
- <c:choose>
- <c:when test="cityName eq 'Toronto'>
- <c:set var="province" value="Ontario"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="2553400"/>
- </c:when>
- <c:when test="cityName eq 'Montreal'>
- <c:set var="province" value="Quebec"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="2195800"/>
- </c:when>
- <c:otherwise>
- <c:set var="province" value="Unknown"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="-1"/>
- </c:otherwise>
- </c:choose>
- %>
- <jsp:doBody/>
- <%@ taglib prefix="util" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- </head>
- <body>
- <c:set var="cityName" value="Montreal"/>
- <util:lookup cityName="${cityName}">
- ${cityName}'s province is ${province}.
- ${cityName}'s population is approximately ${population / 1000000} million.
- </util:lookup>
- </body>
- </html>
- <?xml version='1.0'?>
- <jsp:root xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page">
- <jsp:directive.tag import="java.util.*"/>
- <jsp:directive.taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"/>
- <jsp:directive.attribute name="cityName" required="true"/>
- <jsp:directive.variable name-given="province"/>
- <jsp:directive.variable name-given="population"/>
- <c:choose>
- <c:when test="cityName eq 'Toronto'>
- <c:set var="province" value="Ontario"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="2553400"/>
- </c:when>
- <c:when test="cityName eq 'Montreal'>
- <c:set var="province" value="Quebec"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="2195800"/>
- </c:when>
- <c:otherwise>
- <c:set var="province" value="Unknown"/>
- <c:set var="population" value="-1"/>
- </c:otherwise>
- </c:choose>
- </jsp:root>
- <?xml version='1.0'?>
- <jsp:root version='2.0'
- xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page"
- xmlns:util="urn:jsptagdir:/WEB-INF/tags"
- xmlns:c="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core">
- <jsp:directive.page contentType="text/html"/>
- <html>
- <head>
- </head>
- <body>
- <c:set var="cityName" value="Montreal"/>
- <util:lookup cityName="${cityName}">
- ${cityName}'s province is ${province}.
- ${cityName}'s population is approximately ${population / 1000000} million.
- </util:lookup>
- </body>
- </html>
- </jsp:root>
标签文件中常用的指令:
tag | 类似JSP page指令,可以用于import常用的java类库等 |
include | 导入其他的标签定义文件 |
taglib | 使用其他标签,如jstl, spring tag, struts tag等等 |
attribute | 定义一个属性 |
variable | 定义一个jsp page中可见的变量,默认范围为NESTED,表示标签内有效。可选项有AT_BEGIN和AT_END |
这些指令的可选属性
body-content | 标签body的处理方式 ,可选项: 'empty', 'tagdependent' or 'scriptless' |
import | 导入使用的java类库 |
pageEncoding | 设置页面编码 |
isELIgnored | 是否忽略el表达式 |
dynamic-attributes | 用于存储自定义属性的map,所谓的自定义属性指:未隐式申明的变量 |
language | 使用的脚本语言,目前必须是java |
display-name | 标签名 |
small-icon | for tools |
large-icon | for tools |
description | 标签作用描述 |
example | informal description of how the tag is used |
name | 属性名 |
required | true or false |
rtexprvalue | true or false - 指定是否支持运行时表达式 |
type | 值类型 - 默认是java.lang.String |
fragment | true or false - 值先传递给容器(false), 直接传给标签处理方法(true) |
description | 属性描述 |
<jsp:directive:variable>的可选属性
name-given | 变量名(标签使用时的变量名) |
name-from-attribute | Specifies the name of an attribute, whose value is the name of the variable that will be available in the calling JSP page. Exactly one of name-given or name-from-attribute must be supplied. |
alias | A locally scoped variable which will store the variable's value. Used only with name-from-attribute. |
variable-class | 变量类.默认是java.lang.String. |
declare | Indicates whether the variable is declared in the calling JSP page or tag file. Default is true. Not entirely clear what this means! |
scope | 变量范围,可选项 AT_BEGIN(标签后jsp page内有效), AT_END(标签后jsp page内有效) and NESTED. NESTED(默认,标签内有效) |
description | 变量描述 |