linux设置系统时间

我们一般使用“date -s”命令来修改系统时间。比如将系统时间设定成2006年10月19日的命令如下。
#date -s 19/10/2006
将系统时间设定成下午1点12分0秒的命令如下。
#date -s 13:12:00

---- 注意，这里说的是系统时间，是linux由操作系统维护的。
---- 在系统启动时，Linux操作系统将时间从CMOS中读到系统时间变量中，以后修改时间通过修改系统时间实现。为了保持系统时间与CMOS时间的一致性， Linux每隔一段时间会将系统时间写入CMOS。由于该同步是每隔一段时间（大约是11分钟）进行的，在我们执行date -s后，如果马上重起机器，修改时间就有可能没有被写入CMOS,这就是问题的原因。如果要确保修改生效可以执行如下命令。

---- #clock -w

---- 这个命令强制把系统时间写入CMOS。

 

[root@mail ~]# date --help
Usage: date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT]
  or:  date [-u|--utc|--universal] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
Display the current time in the given FORMAT, or set the system date.

  -d, --date=STRING                display time described by STRING, not `now'
  -f, --file=DATEFILE            like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
  -ITIMESPEC, --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC]  output date/time in ISO 8601 format.
                                                      TIMESPEC=`date' for date only,
                                                      `hours', `minutes', or `seconds' for date and
                                                      time to the indicated precision.
                                                      --iso-8601 without TIMESPEC defaults to `date'.
  -r, --reference=FILE          display the last modification time of FILE
  -R, --rfc-2822                      output RFC-2822 compliant date string
  -s, --set=STRING                  set time described by STRING
  -u, --utc, --universal      print or set Coordinated Universal Time
          --help        显示此帮助信息并离开
          --version  显示版本信息并离开

FORMAT controls the output.  The only valid option for the second form
specifies Coordinated Universal Time.  Interpreted sequences are:

  %%    a literal %
  %a    locale's abbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
  %A    locale's full weekday name, variable length (Sunday..Saturday)
  %b    locale's abbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
  %B    locale's full month name, variable length (January..December)
  %c    locale's date and time (Sat Nov 04 12:02:33 EST 1989)
  %C    century (year divided by 100 and truncated to an integer) [00-99]
  %d    day of month (01..31)
  %D    date (mm/dd/yy)
  %e    day of month, blank padded ( 1..31)
  %F    same as %Y-%m-%d
  %g    the 2-digit year corresponding to the %V week number
  %G    the 4-digit year corresponding to the %V week number
  %h    same as %b
  %H    hour (00..23)
  %I    hour (01..12)
  %j    day of year (001..366)
  %k    hour ( 0..23)
  %l    hour ( 1..12)
  %m    month (01..12)
  %M    minute (00..59)
  %n    a newline
  %N    nanoseconds (000000000..999999999)
  %p    locale's upper case AM or PM indicator (blank in many locales)
  %P    locale's lower case am or pm indicator (blank in many locales)
  %r    time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss [AP]M)
  %R    time, 24-hour (hh:mm)
  %s    seconds since `00:00:00 1970-01-01 UTC' (a GNU extension)
  %S    second (00..60); the 60 is necessary to accommodate a leap second
  %t    a horizontal tab
  %T    time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
  %u    day of week (1..7);  1 represents Monday
  %U    week number of year with Sunday as first day of week (00..53)
  %V    week number of year with Monday as first day of week (01..53)
  %w    day of week (0..6);  0 represents Sunday
  %W    week number of year with Monday as first day of week (00..53)
  %x    locale's date representation (mm/dd/yy)
  %X    locale's time representation (%H:%M:%S)
  %y    last two digits of year (00..99)
  %Y    year (1970...)
  %z    RFC-2822 style numeric timezone (-0500) (a nonstandard extension)
  %Z    time zone (e.g., EDT), or nothing if no time zone is determinable

By default, date pads numeric fields with zeroes.  GNU date recognizes
the following modifiers between `%' and a numeric directive.

  `-' (hyphen) do not pad the field
  `_' (underscore) pad the field with spaces

Report bugs to < bug-coreutils@gnu.org>.