双向链表也叫双链表,是链表的一种,它的每个数据结点中都有两个指针,分别指向直接后继和直接前驱。所以,从双向链表中的任意一个结点开始,都可以很方便地访问它的前驱结点和后继结点。一般我们都构造双向循环链表。
由于双向链表可以方便地实现正序和逆序两个方向的插入、查找等功能,在很多算法中经常被使用,
这里用C++构造了一个双向链表,提供了对双向链表的插入、查找、删除节点、排序等功能,其中排序提供了插入排序和冒泡排序两种方式
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Node //组成双向链表的节点
{
public:
int data;
Node * pNext;
Node * pLast;
};
class List //构造一个双向链表
{
private:
Node * pHead;
Node * pTail;
int length;
public:
List(int length) //创建双向链表
{
this->length=length;
pHead=new Node();
pHead->pLast=NULL;
pTail=pHead;
for(int i=0;i<length;i++)
{
Node * temp=new Node();
cout<<"please enter the no"<<i+1<<" Node's data:";
cin>>temp->data;
temp->pNext=NULL;
temp->pLast=pTail;
pTail->pNext=temp;
pTail=temp;
}
}
void traverseList() //正向遍历
{
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
while(p!=NULL)
{
cout<<p->data<<endl;
p=p->pNext;
}
}
void traverseListReturn() //逆向遍历
{
Node * p=pTail;
while(p->pLast!=NULL)
{
cout<<p->data<<endl;
p=p->pLast;
}
}
void sortList() //冒泡排序
{
Node * p=new Node();
Node * q=new Node();
int temp;
for(p=pHead->pNext;p->pNext!=NULL;p=p->pNext)
{
for(q=p->pNext;q!=NULL;q=q->pNext)
{
if(q->data<p->data)
{
temp=q->data;
q->data=p->data;
p->data=temp;
}
}
}
}
void sortListByInsertWay() //插入排序
{
if(pHead->pNext==NULL||pHead->pNext->pNext==NULL)
{
return;
}
Node * p2=pHead->pNext->pNext;
Node * p1=pHead;
pHead->pNext->pNext=NULL;
while(p2)
{
Node * pN=p2->pNext;
while(p1->pNext)
{
if(p2->data<p1->pNext->data)
{
p2->pNext=p1->pNext;
p2->pLast=p1;
p1->pNext->pLast=p2;
p1->pNext=p2;
break;
}
p1=p1->pNext;
}
if(p1->pNext==NULL)
{
p2->pNext=NULL;
p2->pLast=p1;
p1->pNext=p2;
}
p2=pN;
}
//重新查找pTail的位置
Node * pt=pHead;
while(pt->pNext)
{
pt=pt->pNext;
}
pTail=pt;
}
void changeList(int num,int position) //修改链表中指定位置的节点
{
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
if(position>length||position<=0)
{
cout<<"over stack !"<<endl;
return;
}
for(int i=0;i<position-1;i++)
{
p=p->pNext;
}
p->data=num;
}
void insertList(int num,int position) //插入数据
{
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
if(position>length||position<=0)
{
cout<<"over stack !"<<endl;
return;
}
for(int i=0;i<position-1;i++)
{
p=p->pNext;
}
Node * temp=new Node();
temp->data=num;
temp->pNext=p;
temp->pLast=p->pLast;
p->pLast->pNext=temp;
p->pLast=temp;
length++;
}
void clearList() //清空
{
Node * q;
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
while(p!=NULL)
{
q=p;
p=p->pNext;
delete q;
}
p=NULL;
q=NULL;
}
void deleteList(int position) //删除指定位置的节点
{
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
if(position>length||position<=0)
{
cout<<"over stack !"<<endl;
return;
}
for(int i=0;i<position-1;i++)
{
p=p->pNext;
}
p->pLast->pNext=p->pNext;
p->pNext->pLast=p->pLast;
delete p;
length--;
}
int getItemInList(int position) //查找指定位置的节点
{
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
if(position>length||position<=0)
{
cout<<"over stack !"<<endl;
return 0;
}
for(int i=0;i<position-1;i++)
{
p=p->pNext;
}
return p->data;
}
~List()
{
Node * q;
Node * p=pHead->pNext;
while(p!=NULL)
{
q=p;
p=p->pNext;
delete q;
}
p=NULL;
q=NULL;
}
};
int main()
{
List l(3);
l.traverseList();
cout<<"AFTER SORT------------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
// l.sortList(); //冒泡排序
l.sortListByInsertWay(); //插入排序
l.traverseList();
cout<<"AFTER INSERT-----------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
l.insertList(55,1);
l.traverseList();
cout<<"AFTER DELETE-----------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
l.deleteList(1);
l.traverseList();
cout<<"Return Traverse---------------------------------------------"<<endl;
l.traverseListReturn();
cout<<"Find the Second Node's data:"<<l.getItemInList(2)<<endl;
return 0;
}