SaltStack之salt-ssh

1. salt-ssh介绍

salt-ssh可以让我们不需要在受控机上安装salt-minion客户端也能够实现管理操作。

1.1 salt-ssh的特点

• 远程系统需要Python支持，除非使用-r选项发送原始ssh命令
• salt-ssh是一个软件包，需安装之后才能使用，命令本身也是salt-ssh
• salt-ssh不会取代标准的Salt通信系统，它只是提供了一个基于SSH的替代方案，不需要ZeroMQ和agent
  注意，由于所有与Salt SSH的通信都是通过SSH执行的，因此它比使用ZeroMQ的标准Salt慢得多

1.2 salt-ssh远程管理的方式

salt-ssh有两种方式实现远程管理，一种是在配置文件中记录所有客户端的信息，诸如 IP 地址、端口号、用户名、密码以及是否支持sudo等；另一种是使用密钥实现远程管理，不需要输入密码。

2. salt-ssh管理

在 master 上安装 salt-ssh

[root@master ~]# yum -y install salt-ssh

2.1 通过使用用户名密码的SSH实现远程管理

修改配置文件，添加受控机信息

[root@node01-linux ~]# vim /etc/salt/roster 
[root@node01-linux ~]# cat /etc/salt/roster 
# Sample salt-ssh config file
#web1:
#  host: 192.168.42.1 # The IP addr or DNS hostname
#  user: fred         # Remote executions will be executed as user fred
#  passwd: foobarbaz  # The password to use for login, if omitted, keys are used
#  sudo: True         # Whether to sudo to root, not enabled by default
#web2:
#  host: 192.168.42.2

node01:
  host: 192.168.18.168
  user: root
  passwd: 123456
node02:
  host: 192.168.18.169
  user: root
  passwd: 123456

测试连通性

[root@node01-linux ~]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping
node01:
    ----------
    retcode:
        254
    stderr:
    stdout:
        The host key needs to be accepted, to auto accept run salt-ssh with the -i flag:
        The authenticity of host '192.168.18.168 (192.168.18.168)' can't be established.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:wQ+uLAZfFgzf9T/M0BoDYOs3wwxdrl5yVzsy4lKsN/Y.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:6d:21:e4:db:e8:11:f4:a4:37:43:cb:c0:2d:04:48:a6.
        Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 
node02:
    ----------
    retcode:
        254
    stderr:
    stdout:
        The host key needs to be accepted, to auto accept run salt-ssh with the -i flag:
        The authenticity of host '192.168.18.169 (192.168.18.169)' can't be established.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:/JHrt9jZfWvaDRMcqlDuoWF4grTzDLKShN7oyNOtHZ4.
        ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:fb:ef:16:af:f4:a7:88:16:3a:a6:ae:ed:7a:34:34:10.
        Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? 

从上面的信息可以看出，第一次访问时需要输入 yes/no ，但是 saltstack 是不支持交互式操作的，所以为了解决这个问题，我们需要对其进行设置，让系统不进行主机验证。

[root@master ~]# vim ~/.ssh/config
StrictHostKeyChecking no
[root@node01-linux ~]# salt-ssh '*' test.ping
node02:
    True
node01:
    True
//测试执行命令
[root@node01-linux ~]# salt-ssh '*' cmd.run 'mkdir /tmp/haha'
node02:
node01:
[root@node01-linux ~]# salt-ssh '*' cmd.run 'ls /tmp'
node01:
    haha
    systemd-private-b22e73192fe241dd8270c8b89ee335cc-chronyd.service-tCN0Mb
    systemd-private-b22e73192fe241dd8270c8b89ee335cc-vgauthd.service-SE60Tg
    systemd-private-b22e73192fe241dd8270c8b89ee335cc-vmtoolsd.service-CFUv1l
    systemd-private-c36743b890804defbc7d23c5efb9ace2-chronyd.service-StXH2j
    systemd-private-c36743b890804defbc7d23c5efb9ace2-httpd.service-1FrNPV
    systemd-private-c36743b890804defbc7d23c5efb9ace2-vgauthd.service-D5LYNs
    systemd-private-c36743b890804defbc7d23c5efb9ace2-vmtoolsd.service-DFnwGB
    systemd-private-e968fb26152c4086870b333ad9d0e688-chronyd.service-Bj4q4y
    systemd-private-e968fb26152c4086870b333ad9d0e688-vgauthd.service-ssBMsj
    systemd-private-e968fb26152c4086870b333ad9d0e688-vmtoolsd.service-4Kxfgr
    systemd-private-edec3c7005314dbbbefb7832deeecde2-chronyd.service-fvDUaR
    systemd-private-edec3c7005314dbbbefb7832deeecde2-httpd.service-9NvW2o
    systemd-private-edec3c7005314dbbbefb7832deeecde2-vgauthd.service-6TWdXG
    systemd-private-edec3c7005314dbbbefb7832deeecde2-vmtoolsd.service-dGblp1
node02:
    haha
    systemd-private-4e808d1931004d438a5caa7713d5664c-chronyd.service-0VSH9v
    systemd-private-4e808d1931004d438a5caa7713d5664c-vgauthd.service-8ln77C
    systemd-private-4e808d1931004d438a5caa7713d5664c-vmtoolsd.service-Tk3P6J
    systemd-private-4ff1ca2ae6b944d093a777588ded560b-chronyd.service-NQw4fl
    systemd-private-4ff1ca2ae6b944d093a777588ded560b-httpd.service-b9v925
    systemd-private-4ff1ca2ae6b944d093a777588ded560b-vgauthd.service-Pm5sYq
    systemd-private-4ff1ca2ae6b944d093a777588ded560b-vmtoolsd.service-XF7oHw
    systemd-private-78526dfebd4b4d4fa2733da7dd884860-chronyd.service-x9jGNy
    systemd-private-78526dfebd4b4d4fa2733da7dd884860-httpd.service-hsjhg9
    systemd-private-78526dfebd4b4d4fa2733da7dd884860-mariadb.service-hZOQBX
    systemd-private-78526dfebd4b4d4fa2733da7dd884860-vgauthd.service-TpvDXl
    systemd-private-78526dfebd4b4d4fa2733da7dd884860-vmtoolsd.service-HyWgns
    systemd-private-a8e34a50c55c4d1b996fd14aa57660c1-chronyd.service-fhVCL6
    systemd-private-a8e34a50c55c4d1b996fd14aa57660c1-vgauthd.service-djugjb
    systemd-private-a8e34a50c55c4d1b996fd14aa57660c1-vmtoolsd.service-OVWGRf

注意：salt-ssh ‘*’ test.ping的 * 号是指在/etc/salt/roster文件中写入的主机。