java servlet 原生文件上传与下载(不依赖第三方jar包)

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shj_php/article/details/129054495

Servlet程序代码如下:

package com.example;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.Part;
import java.io.IOException;


/**
 * 最关键的一步就是加此注解, 否则req.getParameter("username")就获取不到任何数据
 */
@MultipartConfig //如果是文件上传，必须加此注解
public class Upload extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置请求编码格式
        req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

        String name = req.getParameter("username");
        System.out.println("username:" + name);

        //获取part对象
        Part part = req.getPart("photo");
        System.out.println(part);

        //通过Part对象得到上传的文件名
        String filename = part.getSubmittedFileName();
        System.out.println("上传的文件名:" + filename);

        //得到文件存放的路径
        String filepath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");
        System.out.println("文件存放的路径:" + filepath);

        //上传文件到指定目录
        part.write(filepath + "/" + filename);
        System.out.println(filepath + "/" + filename);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

web.xml配置文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         metadata-complete="false"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.example.Upload</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Upload</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/upload</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

前端jsp页面如下:

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: Administrator
  Date: 2023/2/15
  Time: 17:08
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
<%--    <base href="http://localhost:8080/servlet_2023/">--%>
</head>
<body>

<form action="http://localhost:8080/servlet_2023/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
用户名: <input type="text" name="username"><br/>
头像: <input type="file" name="photo"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>

</body>
</html>