iOS 序列化与反序列化

    序列化的问题，在以前做VC的时候就听说过，但实际用的不多。大概意思呢，就是把一个对象（一些数据或者自定义的对象）序列化成文件（一般是XML文件），永久的保存起来。 需要用的时候再通过反序列化恢复原有的数据。

    在iOS（OC）中，像标准的集合以及字典(NSArray, NSDictionary)，都有直接序列化的方法，wirteToFile...，但这些只适合用于集合中只有标准数据类型，如果有自定义的类，那么就会报错，写入失败了。   

标准反序列化

   // NSMutableArray *_arDataSource;

   NSString *strCaches = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/tmp/%@",

                        NSHomeDirectory(), kCachedFileName];

   BOOL bWriteSuccess = [_arDataSource writeToFile:strCaches atomically:YES];

   if (bWriteSuccess == NO) {

//            NSLog(@"Wirte file error, unkown error occurred");

   } // end of if (bWriteSuccess == NO) {

 

标准反序列化

   _arDataSource = [[NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:strCaches] retain];

如果有自定义的类，应该在类中实现NSCoding协议，NSCopying是可选的吧，放在这儿写copy时可以参考下

//

//  item_info.h

//  BitCar_Shopping

//

//  Created by Eric on 9/24/12.

//  Copyright (c) 2012 Safe&Quick. All rights reserved.

//

 

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

 

#define kClass      @"BC_Class"

#define kSubClass   @"BC_SubClass"

#define kName       @"BC_Name"

#define kPrice      @"BC_Price"

#define kSelected   @"BC_Selected"

 

@interface item_info : NSObject

<

NSCoding,

NSCopying

>

{

    NSString *_strClass;

    NSString *_strSubClass;

    

    NSString *_strName;

    NSString *_strPrice;

    

    BOOL _bSelected;

}

 

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *strClass;

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *strSubClass;

 

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *strName;

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *strPrice;

 

@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL bSelected;

 

@end

 

 

//

//  item_info.m

//  BitCar_Shopping

//

//  Created by Eric on 9/24/12.

//  Copyright (c) 2012 Safe&Quick. All rights reserved.

//

 

#import "item_info.h"

 

@implementation item_info

 

@synthesize strClass = _strClass;

@synthesize strSubClass = _strSubClass;

 

@synthesize strName = _strName;

@synthesize strPrice = _strPrice;

 

@synthesize bSelected = _bSelected;

 

- (void)dealloc

{

    [_strClassrelease];

    [_strSubClassrelease];

    

    [_strPricerelease];

    [_strName release];

    

    [super dealloc];

}

 

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder

{

    [aCoder encodeObject:_strClassforKey:kClass];

    [aCoder encodeObject:_strSubClassforKey:kSubClass];

    [aCoder encodeObject:_strNameforKey:kName];

    [aCoder encodeObject:_strPriceforKey:kPrice];

    [aCoder encodeBool:_bSelected forKey:kSelected];

}

 

- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder

{

    if (self = [super init]) {

        _strClass   = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kClass] copy];

        _strSubClass= [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kSubClass] copy];

        _strName    = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kName] copy];

        _strPrice   = [[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kPrice] copy];

        _bSelected  = [aDecoder decodeBoolForKey:kSelected];

    }

    returnself;

}

 

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone

{

    item_info *item = [[[self class] allocWithZone:zone] init];

    item.strClass   = [[self.strClass copyWithZone:zone] autorelease];

    item.strSubClass= [[self.strSubClass copyWithZone:zone] autorelease];

    item.strName    = [[self.strName copyWithZone:zone] autorelease];

    item.strPrice   = [[self.strPrice copyWithZone:zone] autorelease];

 

    return item;

}

 

@end

 

使用实例：

序列化：

// KeyedArchiver

            NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];

            NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:data];

            [archiver encodeObject:_arDataSource forKey:kDataKey];

            [archiver finishEncoding];

            bWriteSuccess = [data writeToFile:strCaches atomically:YES];

            [data release];

            [archiver release];

 

反序列化：

        NSData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:strCaches];

        NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];

        

        _arDataSource = [[unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:kDataKey] retain];

        [unarchiver finishDecoding];

        

        [unarchiver release];

        [data release];

 

 

 

另附数据源构造核心代码，虽然结果可能设计不太合理，希望大家提出宝贵意见：

- (void)initDataSource

{

    NSString *strCaches = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/tmp/%@",

                           NSHomeDirectory(), kCachedFileName];

    if ([[NSFileManagerdefaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:strCaches]) {

//        _arDataSource = [[NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:strCaches] retain];

        NSData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:strCaches];

        NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];

        

        _arDataSource = [[unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:kDataKey] retain];

        [unarchiver finishDecoding];

        

        [unarchiver release];

        [data release];

        return;

    }

    

    if (_arDataSource == nil)

        self.arDataSource = [NSMutableArray array];

    else

        [_arDataSourceremoveAllObjects];

    

    NSString *strFilePath = [[NSBundlemainBundle] pathForResource:kShoppingListFileNameofType:@"xml"];

    if ([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:strFilePath]) {

        NSString *strXml = [NSStringstringWithContentsOfFile:strFilePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncodingerror:nil];

        if ([strXml length] == 0)

            return;

        

        GDataXMLDocument *doc = [[GDataXMLDocument alloc] initWithXMLString:strXml options:0 error:nil];

        if (doc == nil)

            return;

        

        NSArray *arRootChilds = [doc.rootElement children];

        for (GDataXMLElement *element in arRootChilds) {

            NSMutableArray *arTmp = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

            

            NSString *strClass = [[element attributeForName:@"name"] stringValue];

            NSArray *arClassChilds = [element children];

            for (GDataXMLElement *element_sub in arClassChilds) {

                NSMutableArray *arTmpSub = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];

                

                NSString *strSubClass = [[element_sub attributeForName:@"name"] stringValue];

                

                NSArray *arSubClassChilds = [element_sub children];

                for (GDataXMLElement *element_item in arSubClassChilds) {

                    NSString *strName = [[element_item attributeForName:@"name"] stringValue];

                    NSString *strPrice = [[element_item attributeForName:@"price"] stringValue];

                    

                    item_info *item = [[item_info alloc] init];

                    item.strClass = strClass;

                    item.strSubClass = strSubClass;

                    item.strName = strName;

                    item.strPrice = strPrice;

                    item.bSelected = NO;

                    

                    [arTmpSub addObject:item];

                    [item release];

                }

                

                [arTmp addObject:arTmpSub];

                [arTmpSub release];

            }

            

            [_arDataSource addObject:arTmp];

            [arTmp release];

        }

        

        [doc release];

    } // end of fileExists

}

 

kShoppingListFileName：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<shoping>

<class name="图书" >

<subclass name="计算机">

<item name="《C＃入门》"price=" 60.00"/>

<item name="《ios入门》"price="24.00"/>

<item name="《架构设计》"price="33.00"/>

<item name="《敏捷实战》"price="55.00"/>

<item name="《ASP.net从入门到精通》"price="56.00"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="外语">

<item name="《商务口语》"price="9.00"/>

<item name="《朗讯辞典》"price="99.00"/>

<item name="《1天1句》"price="8.0"/>

<item name="《我爱背单词》"price="7.6"/>

<item name="《看图说话》"price="7.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="教材">

<item name="《大学语文》"price="32.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="小说">

<item name="《美人》"price="37.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="励志">

<item name="《学会说NO》"price="98.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="动漫">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="《??》"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

</class>

<class name="家具">

<subclass name="床">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="国王大床"price="39898.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="桌">

<item name="小圆桌"price="98.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="椅">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="太师椅"price="32.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="灯具">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="熊猫台灯"price="983.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="门窗">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="玻璃门"price="983.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="地板">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="楠木地板"price="9333333.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

</class>

<class name="电子设备">

<subclass name="电脑">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="DELL"price="3000.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="手机">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="iphone"price="3000.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="摄影摄像">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="DELL"price="3000.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

<subclass name="打印扫描">

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HP"price="3000.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

<item name="HAHAH"price="3.0"/>

</subclass>

</class>

</shoping>