python连接oracle

最近对接的项目甲方使用了oracle数据库，因此需要学习下oracle的连接
进入oracle数据库

su oracle
# 进入oracle命令窗口
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
# 若上述命令报错sqlplus不存在，可执行下列语句
source /home/oracle/.bash_profile rofile
# 登录用户
conn 用户名/密码;

1. oracle 11

下载如下三个文件（官网）：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html

解压后生成目录：

设置软连接

cd /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2
ln -s libocci.so.11.1 libocci.so
ln -s libclntsh.so.11.1 libclntsh.so

配置环境变量

vi /etc/profile
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2:$PATH
export SQLPATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2
export TNS_ADMIN=/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2

使配置生效

source /etc/profile

创建 tnsnames.ora 文件

vi tnsnames.ora

输入如下配置

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_2/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
cdcy =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.130.39.92)(PORT = 61521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = njkj)
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
    )
  )

2. oracle 19c

oracle 19c 不支持windows的python访问

• 下载linux的安装包，放到服务器上，解压

https://download.oracle.com/otn_software/linux/instantclient/1917000/instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.17.0.0.0dbru.zip
cd /opt/oracle
unzip instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.17.0.0.0dbru.zip
sudo sh -c "echo /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_17 > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle-instantclient.conf"
sudo ldconfig
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_17:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

测试连接是否正常时，报错：

执行如下命令

yum install libaio -y