最适合物联网的开源数据库

the Internet of Things (IoT) can be regarded as a network in which various things are connected to each other through a common platform. Just visualise a scenario in which every device at home and the workplace is connected, and a world where the air-conditioning in a room automatically lowers its temperature when the outside temperature rises up, when the number of people in any public gathering is easily known, and when one’s health parameters can be monitored on a daily basis. This is the possible impact of the Internet of Things. 

物联网（IoT）可以被看作是通过一个通用平台将各种事物相互连接起来的网络。只需将家中和工作场所的所有设备连接起来的场景以及室外空气温度升高时室内空调自动降温的环境中观察，任何公众聚会中的人数都很容易知晓，并且可以每天监测一个人的健康参数。这是物联网可能带来的影响。

The current state of the Internet of Things is very fragmented. There are different companies and organisations that are building their own platforms for either their customers or their individual needs. But a common platform on which all the devices, irrespective of their company, can be connected with each other via a user friendly interface, is still missing.

物联网的现状非常分散。有不同的公司和组织正在为其客户或其个人需求构建自己的平台。但是一个通用的平台，所有的设备，无论他们的公司，都可以通过用户友好的界面相互连接，但仍然缺失。

IoT devices are estimated to number in the trillions in the coming five years.

Is a database necessary for IoT?

估计未来五年物联网设备的数量将达到数万亿。
数据库是物联网所必需的吗？

The Internet of Things creates many tedious challenges, especially in the field of database management systems, like integrating tons of voluminous data in real-time, processing events as they stream and dealing with the security of data. For instance, IoT based traffic sensors applied in smart cities would produce huge amounts of data on traffic in real-time. Databases have a very important role to play in handling IoT data adequately. Therefore, along with a proper platform, the right database is equally important. As IoT operates across a diverse environment in the world, it becomes very challenging to choose an adequate database.

物联网产生了许多乏味的挑战，特别是在数据库管理系统领域，例如实时集成大量的大量数据，在处理数据流时处理事件以及处理数据安全性等方面。例如，智能城市中应用的基于物联网的交通传感器将实时生成大量的交通数据。数据库在充分处理物联网数据方面发挥着非常重要的作用。因此，随着一个适当的平台，正确的数据库同样重要。由于物联网在全球多元化的环境中运作，选择适当的数据库变得非常具有挑战性。

The factors that should be considered before choosing a database for IoT applications are:
1) Size, scale and indexing
2) Effectiveness while handling a huge amount of data
3) User-friendly schema
4) Portability
5) Query languages
6) Process modelling and transactions
7) Heterogeneity and integration
8) Time series aggregation
9) Archiving

10) Security and cost

在为物联网应用选择数据库之前应考