Java 工厂模式与反射结合，使你的代码更加优雅

一、传统工厂模式

1. 定义一个统一的eat接口

public interface FruitService{
    public abstract void eat();
} 

2. 编写一个apple类实现 FruitService

public class AppleServiceImpl implements FruitService{
     public void eat(){
         System.out.println("Apple");
     }
} 

3. 编写一个orange类实现 FruitService

class OrangeServiceImpl implements FruitService{
     public void eat(){
         System.out.println("Orange");
     }
}

4. 编写水果工厂

public class Factory{
     public static FruitService getInstance(String fruitName){
         FruitService fruit=null;
         if("Apple".equals(fruitName)){
             fruit = new Apple();
         }
         if("Orange".equals(fruitName)){
             fruit = new Orange();
         }
         return fruit;
     }
}

5. 测试

public class hello{
     public static void main(String[] args){
         FruitService fruit = Factory.getInstance("Orange");
         fruit.eat();
     }
}

二、增加反射的工厂模式

使用反射主要是为了再后续的扩展中，不需要修改工厂类的代码，否则每次都需要在工厂类中增加一个 if 判断

1. 修改工厂类

public class Factory{
	public static FruitService getInstance(String ClassName){
         FruitService fruit=null;
         try{
            fruit = (FruitService )Class.forName(ClassName).newInstance();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         return fruit;
     }
}

2. 测试

public class hello{
     public static void main(String[] args){
         FruitService fruit = Factory.getInstance("类名");
         if(fruit != null){
            fruit.eat();
        }
     }
}

三、增加枚举的反射工厂模式

其实就是将要传的类名用一个枚举类统一控制，这样一来传参就由之前很繁琐的类名 "com.xx.xx.AppleServiceImpl" 变成了枚举的名称 "APPLE"

1. 增加枚举类

public enum FruitEnum {
    APPLE("apple","com.xx.AppleServiceImpl"),
    ORANGE("orange","com.xx.OrangeServiceImpl");

    private String fruitName;
    private String className;

    FruitEnum(String fruitName, String className) {
        this.fruitName = fruitName;
        this.className = className;
    }

    public String getFruitName() {
        return fruitName;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }
}

2. 测试

public class hello{
     public static void main(String[] args){
         FruitService fruit = Factory.getInstance(FruitEnum.valueOf("APPLE").getClassName());
         if(fruit != null){
            fruit.eat();
        }
     }
}