当需要排序的集合或数组不是单纯的数字型时,通常可以使用Comparator或Comparable,以简单的方式实现对象排序或自定义排序。下面通过两个例子分别用Comparable和Comparator实现对User对象中年龄排序。
1.通过实现Comparable接口,根据User的年龄进行排序。
- import
java.util.Arrays; -
-
- public
class ComparableUser implements Comparable { -
-
private String id; -
private int age; -
-
public ComparableUser(String id, int age) { -
this.id = id; -
this.age = age; -
} -
-
public int getAge() { -
return age; -
} -
-
public void setAge(int age) { -
this.age = age; -
} -
-
public String getId() { -
return id; -
} -
-
public void setId(String id) { -
this.id = id; -
} -
-
public int compareTo(Object o) { -
return this.age - ((ComparableUser) o).getAge(); -
} -
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) { -
ComparableUser[] users = new ComparableUser[] { -
new ComparableUser("u1001", 25), -
new ComparableUser("u1002", 20), -
new ComparableUser("u1003", 21) }; -
Arrays.sort(users); -
for (int i = 0; i < users.length; i++) { -
ComparableUser user = users[i]; -
System.out.println(user.getId() + " " + user.getAge()); -
} -
} -
- }
2. 通过实现Comparator接口,根据User的年龄进行排序。
- public
class User { -
-
private String id; -
private int age; -
-
public User(String id, int age) { -
this.id = id; -
this.age = age; -
} -
-
public int getAge() { -
return age; -
} -
-
public void setAge(int age) { -
this.age = age; -
} -
-
public String getId() { -
return id; -
} -
-
public void setId(String id) { -
this.id = id; -
} -
-
- }
- import
java.util.Arrays; - import
java.util.Comparator; -
-
- public
class UserComparator implements Comparator { -
-
public int compare(Object arg0, Object arg1) { -
return ((User) arg0).getAge() - ((User) arg1).getAge(); -
} -
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) { -
User[] users = new User[] { new User("u1001", 25), -
new User("u1002", 20), new User("u1003", 21) }; -
Arrays.sort(users, new UserComparator()); -
for (int i = 0; i < users.length; i++) { -
User user = users[i]; -
System.out.println(user.getId() + " " + user.getAge()); -
} -
} - }
选择Comparable接口还是Comparator?
Comparator可以看成一种算法的实现,将算法和数据分离,Comparator也可以在下面两种环境下使用:
1、类的设计师没有考虑到比较问题而没有实现Comparable,可以通过Comparator来实现排序而不必改变对象本身
2、可以使用多种排序标准,比如升序、降序等。