J2EE项目：整合SSH开发『新闻发布系统』

 

一、架构
    Struts + Spring + Hibernate

二、Hibernate持久层
1 .编写PO类
====================================================================================
package  org.prolove.model;

import  java.io.Serializable;


/** */ /**
 * Base class for Model objects.  Child objects should implement toString(), 
 * equals() and hashCode();
 *
 * <p>
 * <a href="BaseObject.java.html"><i>View Source</i></a>
 * </p>
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:prolove@live.cn">PROLOVE</a>
 */
public   abstract   class  BaseObject  implements  Serializable  ... {    
    public abstract String toString();
    public abstract boolean equals(Object o);
    public abstract int hashCode();
}
====================================================================================
package  org.prolove.model;

import  java.util.Date;
import  java.util.Set;

import  org.apache.commons.lang.builder.EqualsBuilder;
import  org.apache.commons.lang.builder.HashCodeBuilder;
import  org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder;

/** */ /**
 * @hibernate.class table="news"
 * @struts.form include-all="false" extends="BaseForm"
 */
public   class  News  extends  BaseObject  ... {

    private Long id;// pk,required

    private String title;// required

    private String content;// required

    private User poster;// fk,required

    private Date postDate;// required

    private Date lastModifyDate;// required

    private Category category;// required

    private Set newsReviews;

    public News() ...{
    }

    /** *//**
     * @return Returns the newsReview.
     */
    public Set getNewsReviews() ...{
        return newsReviews;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @param newsReview
     *            The newsReview to set.
     */
    public void setNewsReviews(Set newsReviews) ...{
        this.newsReviews = newsReviews;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.many-to-one column="id" not-null="true"
     */
    public Category getCategory() ...{
        return category;
    }

    public void setCategory(Category category) ...{
        this.category = category;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.property column="last_modify_date" not-null="true"
     */
    public Date getLastModifyDate() ...{
        return lastModifyDate;
    }

    public void setLastModifyDate(Date lastModifyDate) ...{
        this.lastModifyDate = lastModifyDate;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.property column="post_date" not-null="true"
     */
    public Date getPostDate() ...{
        return postDate;
    }

    public void setPostDate(Date postDate) ...{
        this.postDate = postDate;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.many-to-one column="username" not-null="true"
     */
    public User getPoster() ...{
        return poster;
    }

    public void setPoster(User poster) ...{
        this.poster = poster;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.property column="content" length="3000" not-null="true"
     */
    public String getContent() ...{
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) ...{
        this.content = content;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @return Returns the id.
     * @hibernate.id column="id" generator-class="increment"
     *               unsaved-value="null"
     */
    public Long getId() ...{
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) ...{
        this.id = id;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @hibernate.property column="title" length="50" not-null="true"
     */
    public String getTitle() ...{
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) ...{
        this.title = title;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see java.lang.Object#equals(Object)
     */
    public boolean equals(Object object) ...{
        if (!(object instanceof News)) ...{
            return false;
        }
        News rhs = (News) object;
        return this.poster.equals(rhs.getPoster())
                && this.postDate.equals(rhs.getPostDate());
        /**//*
         * return new EqualsBuilder().append(this.newsReviews, rhs.newsReviews)
         * .append(this.title, rhs.title).append(this.category,
         * rhs.category).append(this.content, rhs.content).append(
         * this.postDate, rhs.postDate).append( this.lastModifyDate,
         * rhs.lastModifyDate).append( this.id, rhs.id).append(this.poster,
         * rhs.poster) .isEquals();
         */
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see java.lang.Object#hashCode()
     */
    public int hashCode() ...{
        return this.poster.hashCode() + this.postDate.hashCode();
        /**//*
         * return new HashCodeBuilder(1595611275, -1477459617).append(
         * this.newsReviews).append(this.title).append(this.category)
         * .append(this.content).append(this.postDate).append(
         * this.lastModifyDate).append(this.id)
         * .append(this.poster).toHashCode();
         */
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see java.lang.Object#toString()
     */
    public String toString() ...{
        return new ToStringBuilder(this).append("id", this.id).append("title",
                this.title).append("postDate", this.postDate).append("content",
                this.content).append("lastModifyDate", this.lastModifyDate)
                .append("poster", this.poster)
                .append("category", this.category).append("newsReviews",
                        this.newsReviews).toString();
    }

}

2 .编写PO的映射配置文件
====================================================================================
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>

<! DOCTYPE hibernate - mapping PUBLIC
     " -//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN "  
     " http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd " >

< hibernate - mapping >

     < class  name = " org.prolove.model.News "  table = " news " >

         < id name = " id "  column = " id "  unsaved - value = " null " >

             <!--  The generator - class  attribute of @hibernate.id is deprecated, use the @hibernate.generator tag instead  -->
             < generator  class = " increment " >

             </ generator >

         </ id >

         < many - to - one name = " category "   class = " org.prolove.model.Category "  column = " category_id "  not - null = " true " >

         </ many - to - one >

         < property name = " lastModifyDate "  column = " last_modify_date "  not - null = " true " >

         </ property >

         < property name = " postDate "  column = " post_date "  not - null = " true " >

         </ property >

         < many - to - one name = " poster "  column = " username "  not - null = " true " >

         </ many - to - one >

         < property name = " content "  column = " content "  length = " 3000 "  not - null = " true " >

         </ property >

         < property name = " title "  column = " title "  length = " 50 "  not - null = " true " >

         </ property >
         <!--  bi - directional one - to - many association to NewsReview  -->
         < set name = " newsReviews "  lazy = " false "  inverse = " true "  cascade = " all-delete-orphan " >
             < meta attribute = " field-description " >
                @hibernate.list lazy = " true "  inverse = " false "  cascade = " none "

                @hibernate.collection - key column = " id "

                @hibernate.collection - one - to - many  class = " org.prolove.model.NewsReview "
             </ meta >
             < key >
                 < column name = " news_id "   />
             </ key >
             < one - to - many  class = " org.prolove.model.NewsReview "   />
         </ set >
     </ class >

</ hibernate - mapping >

3 .连接数据库
applicationContext - hibernate.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC  " -//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN "
     " http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd " >

< beans >
     < bean id = " dataSource "   class = " org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource "  destroy - method = " close " >
         < property name = " driverClassName "  value = " oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver " />
         <!--  property name = " driverClassName "  value = " net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver " /-->  
         < property name = " url "  value = " jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.200.3.81:1521:oranet " />
         < property name = " username "  value = " hm " />
         < property name = " password "  value = " hm123 " />
         < property name = " maxActive "  value = " 100 " />
         < property name = " maxIdle "  value = " 30 " />
         < property name = " maxWait "  value = " 1000 " />
         < property name = " defaultAutoCommit "  value = " true " />
         < property name = " removeAbandoned "  value = " true " />
         < property name = " removeAbandonedTimeout "  value = " 60 " />
         < property name = " logAbandoned "  value = " true " />
     </ bean >     
     <!--  Hibernate SessionFactory  -->
     < bean id = " sessionFactory "   class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean " >
         < property name = " dataSource "  ref = " dataSource " />
         < property name = " mappingResources " >
             < list >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / User.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / News.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / NewsReview.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / Category.hbm.xml </ value >
             </ list >
         </ property >
         <!--  The property below is commented out b / c it doesn ' t work when run via
             Ant in Eclipse.  It works fine  for  individual JUnit tests and in IDEA  ??
         < property name = " mappingJarLocations " >
             < list >< value > file:dist / appfuse - dao.jar </ value ></ list >
         </ property >
         -->
         < property name = " hibernateProperties " >
             < props >
                 < prop key = " hibernate.dialect " > @HIBERNATE - DIALECT@ </ prop >
                 <!--  Create / update the database tables automatically when the JVM starts up
                 < prop key = " hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto " > update </ prop >   -->
                 <!--  Turn batching off  for  better error messages under PostgreSQL 
                 < prop key = " hibernate.jdbc.batch_size " > 0 </ prop >   -->
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     <!--  Transaction manager  for  a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA)  -->
     < bean id = " transactionManager "   class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >

     <!--  Generic DAO  -  can be used when doing standard CRUD  -->
     < bean id = " dao "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.BaseDAOHibernate " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >

     <!--  UserDAO: Hibernate implementation  -->
     < bean id = " userDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.UserDAOHibernate " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >

     <!--  Add  new  DAOs here  -->
     < bean id = " newsDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.NewsDAOHibernate " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >
     < bean id = " newsReviewDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.NewsReviewDAOHibernate " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >
     < bean id = " categoryDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.CategoryDAOHibernate " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >
     <!--  PersonDAO: Hibernate implementation  -->  
     < bean id = " personDAO "   class = " org.appfuse.dao.hibernate.PersonDAOHibernate " >  
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >         
</ beans >

=====================================================================
applicationContext.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC  " -//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN "
     " http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd " >

< beans >
     <!--  hibernate datasource -->
     < bean id = " dataSource "   class = " org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource "  destroy - method = " close " >
         < property name = " driverClassName "  value = " com.mysql.jdbc.Driver " />
         < property name = " url "  value = " jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/newsboard " />
         < property name = " username "  value = " root " />
         < property name = " password "  value = " root " />
         < property name = " maxActive "  value = " 20 " />
         < property name = " maxIdle "  value = " 10 " />
         < property name = " initialSize "  value = " 1 " />
         < property name = " maxWait "  value = " 1000 " />
         < property name = " defaultAutoCommit "  value = " true " />
         < property name = " removeAbandoned "  value = " true " />
         < property name = " removeAbandonedTimeout "  value = " 60 " />
         < property name = " logAbandoned "  value = " true " />
     </ bean >     
     <!--  Hibernate SessionFactory  -->
     < bean id = " sessionFactory "   class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean " >
         < property name = " dataSource "  ref = " dataSource " />
         < property name = " mappingResources " >
             < list >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / User.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / News.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / NewsReview.hbm.xml </ value >
                 < value > org / prolove / model / Category.hbm.xml </ value >
             </ list >
         </ property >
         < property name = " hibernateProperties " >
             < props >
                 < prop key = " hibernate.dialect " > org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect </ prop >
                 < prop key = " hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto " > update </ prop >
                 < prop key = " hibernate.jdbc.batch_size " > 20 </ prop >  
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     <!--  Transaction manager  for  a single Hibernate SessionFactory (alternative to JTA)  -->
     < bean id = " transactionManager "   class = " org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >


     <!--  service manager Template -->
     < bean id = " txProxyTemplate "   abstract = " true "
         class = " org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean " >
         < property name = " transactionManager "  ref = " transactionManager " />
         < property name = " transactionAttributes " >
             < props >
                 < prop key = " save* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
                 < prop key = " remove* " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </ prop >
                 < prop key = " * " > PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly </ prop >
             </ props >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

     <!--  service manager -->
     < bean id = " facadeManager "  parent = " txProxyTemplate " >
         < property name = " target " >
             < bean  class = " org.prolove.service.impl.FacadeManagerImpl " >
                 < property name = " newsDAO "  ref = " newsDAO " />
                 < property name = " newsReviewDAO "  ref = " newsReviewDAO " />
                 < property name = " categoryDAO "  ref = " categoryDAO " />
                 < property name = " userDAO "  ref = " userDAO " />
             </ bean >
         </ property >
     </ bean >

</ beans >

三、DAO组件层
1 .DAO组件的结构
    为了让逻辑组件与具体的DAO组件分离，还必须有一个DAO工厂。

2 .编写DAO接口
package  org.prolove.dao;

import  java.io.Serializable;
import  java.util.List;


/** */ /**
 * Data Access Object (DAO) interface.   This is an interface
 * used to tag our DAO classes and to provide common methods to all DAOs.
 *
 * <p><a href="DAO.java.html"><i>View Source</i></a></p>
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:matt@raibledesigns.com">Matt Raible</a>
 */
public   interface  DAO  ... {

    /** *//**
     * Generic method used to get all objects of a particular type. This
     * is the same as lookup up all rows in a table.
     * @param clazz the type of objects (a.k.a. while table) to get data from
     * @return List of populated objects
     */
    public List getObjects(Class clazz);
    
    /** *//**
     * Generic method to get an object based on class and identifier. An 
     * ObjectRetrievalFailureException Runtime Exception is thrown if 
     * nothing is found.
     * 
     * @param clazz model class to lookup
     * @param id the identifier (primary key) of the class
     * @return a populated object
     * @see org.springframework.orm.ObjectRetrievalFailureException
     */
    public Object getObject(Class clazz, Serializable id);

    /** *//**
     * Generic method to save an object - handles both update and insert.
     * @param o the object to save
     */
    public void saveObject(Object o);

    /** *//**
     * Generic method to delete an object based on class and id
     * @param clazz model class to lookup
     * @param id the identifier (primary key) of the class
     */
    public void removeObject(Class clazz, Serializable id);
}

=========================================================================

package  org.prolove.dao;

import  java.util.List;

import  org.prolove.model.User;

/** */ /**
 * User Data Access Object (DAO) interface.
 *
 * <p>
 * <a href="UserDAO.java.html"><i>View Source</i></a>
 * </p>
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:matt@raibledesigns.com">Matt Raible</a>
 */
public   interface  UserDAO  extends  DAO  ... {
    /** *//**
     * Gets users information based on login name.
     * @param username the current username
     * @return user populated user object
     */
    public User getUser(String username);

    /** *//**
     * Gets a list of users based on parameters passed in.
     *
     * @return List populated list of users
     */
    public List getUsers(User user);

    /** *//**
     * Saves a user's information
     * @param user the object to be saved
     */
    public void saveUser(User user);

    /** *//**
     * Removes a user from the database by id
     * @param username the user's username
     */
    public void removeUser(String username);
}
……

3 .编写DAO的具体实现
package  org.prolove.dao.hibernate;

import  java.io.Serializable;
import  java.util.List;

import  org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import  org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import  org.springframework.orm.ObjectRetrievalFailureException;
import  org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import  org.prolove.dao.DAO;

/** */ /**
 * This class serves as the Base class for all other DAOs - namely to hold
 * common methods that they might all use. Can be used for standard CRUD
 * operations.</p>
 *
 * <p><a href="BaseDAOHibernate.java.html"><i>View Source</i></a></p>
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:matt@raibledesigns.com">Matt Raible</a>
 */
public   class  BaseDAOHibernate  extends  HibernateDaoSupport  implements  DAO  ... {
    protected final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.dao.DAO#saveObject(java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void saveObject(Object o) ...{
        getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(o);
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.dao.DAO#getObject(java.lang.Class, java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public Object getObject(Class clazz, Serializable id) ...{
        Object o = getHibernateTemplate().get(clazz, id);

        if (o == null) ...{
            throw new ObjectRetrievalFailureException(clazz, id);
        }

        return o;
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.dao.DAO#getObjects(java.lang.Class)
     */
    public List getObjects(Class clazz) ...{
        return getHibernateTemplate().loadAll(clazz);
    }

    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.dao.DAO#removeObject(java.lang.Class, java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public void removeObject(Class clazz, Serializable id) ...{
        getHibernateTemplate().delete(getObject(clazz, id));
    }
}

======================================================================================

package  org.prolove.dao.hibernate;

import  org.springframework.orm.ObjectRetrievalFailureException;
import  org.prolove.dao.NewsDAO;
import  org.prolove.model.News;

public   class  NewsDAOHibernate  extends  BaseDAOHibernate  implements  NewsDAO  ... {

    public News getNews(Long id) ...{
        News news = (News) getHibernateTemplate().get(News.class, id);

        if (news == null) ...{
            throw new ObjectRetrievalFailureException(News.class, id);   
        }

        return news;
    }

    public void saveNews(News news) ...{
        getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(news);
    }

    public void removeNews(Long id) ...{
        // object must be loaded before it can be deleted
        getHibernateTemplate().delete(getNews(id));
    }
}
……

4 .用Spring容器代替DAO工厂
    见上文applicationContext - hibernate.xml
以及
daoContext.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " GBK " ?>

<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC  " -//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN "  
     " http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd " >

< beans >

     <!--   DAO模板，用于被其他的DAO组件继承  -->
     < bean id = " daoTemplate "   abstract = " true "  lazy - init = " true " >
         < property name = " sessionFactory "  ref = " sessionFactory " />
     </ bean >

     <!--  Generic DAO  -  can be used when doing standard CRUD  -->
     < bean id = " dao "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.BaseDAOHibernate "
        parent = " daoTemplate " />

     <!--  UserDAO: Hibernate implementation  -->
     < bean id = " userDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.UserDAOHibernate "
        parent = " daoTemplate " />

     <!--  NewsDAO Hibernate implementation  -->
     < bean id = " newsDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.NewsDAOHibernate "
        parent = " daoTemplate " />

     <!--  NewsReviewDAO Hibernate implementation  -->
     < bean id = " newsReviewDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.NewsReviewDAOHibernate "
        parent = " daoTemplate " />

     <!--  CategoryDAO Hibernate implementation  -->
     < bean id = " categoryDAO "   class = " org.prolove.dao.hibernate.CategoryDAOHibernate "
        parent = " daoTemplate " />

</ beans >

四、业务逻辑层
1 .业务逻辑组件的结构
    每个模块设计一个业务逻辑组件。

2 .业务逻辑组件的接口
package  org.prolove.service;

import  java.util.List;

import  org.prolove.dao.CategoryDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.NewsDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.NewsReviewDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.UserDAO;
import  org.prolove.model.Category;
import  org.prolove.model.News;
import  org.prolove.model.NewsReview;
import  org.prolove.model.User;

// 该接口是对DAO的正面包装
public   interface  FacadeManager  ... {
    // category的业务方法
    public void setCategoryDAO(CategoryDAO dao);

    public Category getCategory(String id);

    public void saveCategory(Category category);

    public void removeCategory(String id);

    public List getCategories();

    // news的业务方法
    public void setNewsDAO(NewsDAO dao);

    public News getNews(String id);

    public void saveNews(News news);

    public void removeNews(String id);

    // newsReview的业务方法
    public void setNewsReviewDAO(NewsReviewDAO dao);

    public NewsReview getNewsReview(String id);

    public void saveNewsReview(NewsReview newsReview);

    public void removeNewsReview(String id);

    // user的业务方法
    public void setUserDAO(UserDAO dao);

    public User getUser(String username);

    public List getUsers(User user);

    public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception;

    public void removeUser(String username);

    public boolean validateUser(User user);
}

3 .业务逻辑组件的实现类
package  org.prolove.service;

import  java.io.Serializable;
import  java.util.List;

import  org.prolove.dao.DAO;

public   interface  Manager  ... {
    
    /** *//**
     * Expose the setDAO method for testing purposes
     * @param dao
     */
    public void setDAO(DAO dao);
    
    /** *//**
     * Generic method used to get a all objects of a particular type. 
     * @param clazz the type of objects 
     * @return List of populated objects
     */
    public List getObjects(Class clazz);
    
    /** *//**
     * Generic method to get an object based on class and identifier. 
     * 
     * @param clazz model class to lookup
     * @param id the identifier (primary key) of the class
     * @return a populated object 
     * @see org.springframework.orm.ObjectRetrievalFailureException
     */
    public Object getObject(Class clazz, Serializable id);

    /** *//**
     * Generic method to save an object.
     * @param o the object to save
     */
    public void saveObject(Object o);

    /** *//**
     * Generic method to delete an object based on class and id
     * @param clazz model class to lookup
     * @param id the identifier of the class
     */
    public void removeObject(Class clazz, Serializable id);
}

package  org.prolove.service.impl;

import  java.io.Serializable;
import  java.util.List;

import  org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import  org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import  org.prolove.dao.DAO;
import  org.prolove.service.Manager;

/** */ /**
 * Base class for Business Services - use this class for utility methods and
 * generic CRUD methods.
 * 
 * <p><a href="BaseManager.java.html"><i>View Source</i></a></p>
 *
 * @author <a href="mailto:prolove@live.cn">Matt Raible</a>
 */
public   class  BaseManager  implements  Manager  ... {
    protected DAO dao = null;
    protected final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());    
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.service.Manager#setDAO(org.leecode.dao.DAO)
     */
    public void setDAO(DAO dao) ...{
        this.dao = dao;
    }
    
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.service.Manager#getObject(java.lang.Class, java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public Object getObject(Class clazz, Serializable id) ...{
        return dao.getObject(clazz, id);
    }
    
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.service.Manager#getObjects(java.lang.Class)
     */
    public List getObjects(Class clazz) ...{
        return dao.getObjects(clazz);
    }
    
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.service.Manager#removeObject(java.lang.Class, java.io.Serializable)
     */
    public void removeObject(Class clazz, Serializable id) ...{
        dao.removeObject(clazz, id);
    }
    
    /** *//**
     * @see org.leecode.service.Manager#saveObject(java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void saveObject(Object o) ...{
        dao.saveObject(o);
    }
}

package  org.prolove.service.impl;

import  java.util.List;

import  org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException;
import  org.prolove.dao.CategoryDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.NewsDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.NewsReviewDAO;
import  org.prolove.dao.UserDAO;
import  org.prolove.model.Category;
import  org.prolove.model.News;
import  org.prolove.model.NewsReview;
import  org.prolove.model.User;
import  org.prolove.service.FacadeManager;

public   class  FacadeManagerImpl  extends  BaseManager  implements
        FacadeManager  ... {
    private CategoryDAO categoryDAO;

    private NewsDAO newsDAO;

    private NewsReviewDAO newsReviewDAO;

    private UserDAO userDAO;

    public void setCategoryDAO(CategoryDAO categoryDAO) ...{
        this.categoryDAO = categoryDAO;
    }

    public Category getCategory(String id) ...{
        return categoryDAO.getCategory(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public void saveCategory(Category category) ...{
        categoryDAO.saveCategory(category);
    }

    public void removeCategory(String id) ...{
        categoryDAO.removeCategory(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public List getCategories() ...{
        return categoryDAO.getCategories();
    }

    public void setNewsDAO(NewsDAO newsDAO) ...{
        this.newsDAO = newsDAO;
    }

    public News getNews(String id) ...{
        return newsDAO.getNews(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public void saveNews(News news) ...{
        newsDAO.saveNews(news);
    }

    public void removeNews(String id) ...{
        newsDAO.removeNews(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public void setNewsReviewDAO(NewsReviewDAO newsReviewDAO) ...{
        this.newsReviewDAO = newsReviewDAO;
    }

    public NewsReview getNewsReview(String id) ...{
        return newsReviewDAO.getNewsReview(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public void saveNewsReview(NewsReview newsReview) ...{
        newsReviewDAO.saveNewsReview(newsReview);
    }

    public void removeNewsReview(String id) ...{
        newsReviewDAO.removeNewsReview(Long.valueOf(id));
    }

    public void setUserDAO(UserDAO userDAO) ...{
        this.userDAO = userDAO;
    }

    public User getUser(String username) ...{
        return userDAO.getUser(username);
    }

    public List getUsers(User user) ...{
        return userDAO.getUsers(user);
    }

    public void saveUser(User user) throws Exception ...{
        try ...{
            userDAO.saveUser(user);
        } catch (DataIntegrityViolationException e) ...{
            throw new Exception("User '" + user.getUsername()
                    + "' already exists!");
        }
    }

    public void removeUser(String username) ...{
        userDAO.removeUser(username);
    }

    public boolean validateUser(User aUser) ...{
        User user = getUser(aUser.getUsername());
        if (user != null && user.getPassword().equals(aUser.getPassword()))
            return true;
        else
            return false;
    }
}

4 .业务逻辑组件的配置
    在applicationContext.xml配置FacadeManager组件

五、Web层设计
1 .Action的实现
package  org.prolove.action;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import  org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import  org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm;

import  org.prolove.action.base.BaseAction;
import  org.prolove.webapp.util.AppConstants;
import  org.prolove.model. * ;

import  java.util. * ;

/** */ /**
 * @author  PROLOVE prolve@live.cn
 * @version  1.0
 * <br>Copyright (C), 2006-2008, PROLOVE
 * <br>This program is protected by copyright laws.
 * <br>Program Name:
 * <br>Date: 
 */
public   class  AddReviewAction  extends  BaseAction
... {
    //必须重写该核心方法，该方法actionForm将表单的请求参数封装成值对象
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
       HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception
    ...{
        DynaValidatorForm addForm = (DynaValidatorForm)form;
        String content = (String)addForm.get("content");
        String newsId = (String)addForm.get("newsId");

        try
        ...{
            News news = mgr.getNews(newsId);
            String username = (String)request.getSession(true).getAttribute(AppConstants.LOGIN_USER);        
            User poster = mgr.getUser(username);

            NewsReview newsReview = new NewsReview();
            newsReview.setNews(news);
            newsReview.setPoster(poster);
            newsReview.setContent(content);
            newsReview.setPostDate(new Date());
            newsReview.setLastModifyDate(new Date());
            mgr.saveNewsReview(newsReview);
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        ...{
            request.setAttribute("newsId" , newsId);
            return mapping.findForward("failure");
        }
        request.setAttribute("newsId" , newsId);
        return mapping.findForward("success");
    }
}

package  org.prolove.action;

import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import  org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import  org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import  org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm;

import  org.prolove.action.base.BaseAction;
import  org.prolove.model.News;

import  java.util.Set;

/** */ /**
 * @author  PROLOVE prolve@live.cn
 * @version  1.0
 * <br>Copyright (C), 2006-2008, PROLOVE
 * <br>This program is protected by copyright laws.
 * <br>Program Name:
 * <br>Date: 
 */
public   class  LoadReviewsByNews  extends  BaseAction
... {
    //必须重写该核心方法，该方法actionForm将表单的请求参数封装成值对象
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
       HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception
    ...{
        String newsId = null;        
        if(request.getAttribute("newsId") == null)
        ...{
            newsId = request.getParameter("newsId");
        }
        else
        ...{
            newsId = (String)request.getAttribute("newsId");
        }
        News news = mgr.getNews(newsId);
        request.setAttribute("news" , news);
        request.setAttribute("reviews",news.getNewsReviews());        
        return mapping.findForward("success");
    }
}
……

2 .Spring管理容器Action
    采用DelegatingRequestProcessor的整合策略。
struts - config.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " GBK " ?>
<! DOCTYPE struts - config PUBLIC
           " -//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN "
           " http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd " >
< struts - config >
     < form - beans >
         <!--   配置登陆所使用的Form -->
         < form - bean name = " loginForm "  type = " org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm " >
             < form - property name = " user "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
             < form - property name = " pass "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
         </ form - bean >

         <!--   添加新闻所用的Form -->
         < form - bean name = " addNewsForm "  type = " org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm " >
             < form - property name = " title "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
             < form - property name = " content "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
             < form - property name = " categoryId "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
         </ form - bean >

         <!--   添加新闻评论所用的Form -->
         < form - bean name = " addNewsReviewForm "  type = " org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm " >
             < form - property name = " content "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
             < form - property name = " newsId "  type = " java.lang.String "   />
         </ form - bean >

     </ form - beans >

     < global - forwards >
     </ global - forwards >

     <!--   =========================================  Action Mapping Definitions  -->
     < action - mappings >
         <!--   处理登陆   -->
         < action path = " /processLogin "
                name = " loginForm "  
                scope = " request "
                validate = " true "  
                input = " input " >
             < forward name = " input "  path = " /index.jsp "   />
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /listCate.do "   />
         </ action >

         <!--   登出系统   -->
         < action path = " /logout "  scope = " request " >
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /index.jsp " />
         </ action >

         <!--   进入主页面   -->
         < action path = " /listCate "  scope = " request " >
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /main.jsp " />
         </ action >

         <!--   根据种类加载所有新闻   -->
         < action path = " /loadNewsByCategory "  scope = " request " >
             < forward name = " failure "  path = " /listCate.do " />
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /category_view.jsp " />
         </ action >

         <!--   添加新闻   -->
         < action path = " /addNews "
                name = " addNewsForm "  
                scope = " request "
                validate = " true "  
                input = " input " >
             < forward name = " failure "  path = " /loadNewsByCategory.do " />
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /loadNewsByCategory.do " />
         </ action >

         <!--   根据新闻id加载所有评论   -->
         < action path = " /loadNewsReviewByNews "  scope = " request " >
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /news_view.jsp " />
         </ action >

         <!--   添加新闻评论   -->
         < action path = " /addNewsReview "
                name = " addNewsReviewForm "  
                scope = " request "
                validate = " true "  
                input = " input " >
             < forward name = " failure "  path = " /loadNewsReviewByNews.do " />
             < forward name = " success "  path = " /loadNewsReviewByNews.do " />
         </ action >

     </ action - mappings >

     < controller inputForward = " true "  processorClass = " org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor " />

     < message - resources parameter = " resource " />

     < plug - in className = " org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn " >
         < set - property property = " pathnames "  value = " /WEB-INF/validator-rules.xml,
                                               / WEB - INF / validation.xml " />
         < set - property property = " stopOnFirstError "  value = " true " />
     </ plug - in >


     < plug - in className = " org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn " >
         < set - property property = " contextConfigLocation "  value = " /WEB-INF/daoContext.xml,
                                                               / WEB - INF / applicationContext.xml,
                                                               / WEB - INF / action - Servlet.xml " />
     </ plug - in >


</ struts - config >

action - Servlet.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " GBK " ?>
<! DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC  " -//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN "
     " http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd " >

< beans >
     < bean id = " actionTemplate "   abstract = " true "  singleton = " false " >
         < property name = " mgr "  ref = " facadeManager " />
     </ bean >

     <!--   处理登陆 -->
     < bean name = " /processLogin "   class = " org.prolove.action.LoginAction "  parent = " actionTemplate " />
     <!--   登出系统 -->
     < bean name = " /logout "   class = " org.prolove.action.Logout " />
     <!--   列出所有的新闻分类 -->
     < bean name = " /listCate "   class = " org.prolove.action.ListCate "  parent = " actionTemplate " />  
     <!--   根据种类列出所有新闻 -->
     < bean name = " /loadNewsByCategory "   class = " org.prolove.action.LoadNewsByCategory "  parent = " actionTemplate " />
     <!--   添加新闻 -->
     < bean name = " /addNews "   class = " org.prolove.action.AddNewsAction "  parent = " actionTemplate " />
     <!--   根据新闻查看所有的评论 -->
     < bean name = " /loadNewsReviewByNews "   class = " org.prolove.action.LoadReviewsByNews "  parent = " actionTemplate " />
     <!--   添加新闻评论 -->
     < bean name = " /addNewsReview "   class = " org.prolove.action.AddReviewAction "  parent = " actionTemplate " />
    
</ beans >

3 .数据校验的选择
validation.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " iso-8859-1 " ?>
<! DOCTYPE form - validation PUBLIC
           " -//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Commons Validator Rules Configuration 1.1.3//EN "
           " http://jakarta.apache.org/commons/dtds/validator_1_1_3.dtd " >
< form - validation >
     < formset >
         < form name = " loginForm " >
             < field property = " user "  depends = " required,minlength " >
                 < arg key = " loginForm.user "  position = " 0 " />
                 < arg name = " minlength "  key = " ${var:minlength} "  resource = " false "  position = " 1 " />
                 < var >
                     < var - name > minlength </ var - name >
                     < var - value > 4 </ var - value >
                 </ var >
             </ field >
             < field property = " pass "  depends = " required,minlength " >
                 < arg key = " loginForm.pass "  position = " 0 " />
                 < arg name = " minlength "  key = " ${var:minlength} "  resource = " false "  position = " 1 " />
                 < var >
                     < var - name > minlength </ var - name >
                     < var - value > 4 </ var - value >
                 </ var >
             </ field >
         </ form >


         < form name = " addNewsForm " >
             < field property = " title "  depends = " required " >
                 < arg key = " addNewsForm.title "  position = " 0 " />
             </ field >
             < field property = " content "  depends = " required " >
                 < arg key = " addNewsForm.content "  position = " 0 " />
             </ field >
             < field property = " categoryId "  depends = " required,integer " >
                 < arg key = " addNewsForm.categoryId "  position = " 0 " />
             </ field >
         </ form >

         < form name = " addNewsReviewForm " >
             < field property = " content "  depends = " required " >
                 < arg key = " addNewsReviewForm.content "  position = " 0 " />
             </ field >
             < field property = " newsId "  depends = " required,integer " >
                 < arg key = " addNewsReviewForm.categoryId "  position = " 0 " />
             </ field >
         </ form >

   </ formset >
</ form - validation >

4 .访问权限的控制
package  org.prolove.webapp.filter;

import  java.io.IOException;

import  javax.servlet.Filter;
import  javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import  javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import  javax.servlet.ServletException;
import  javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import  javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import  org.prolove.webapp.util.AppConstants;

/** */ /**
 * 设置字符集、过滤未登录的非法请求
 */
public   class  UserLoginFilter  implements  Filter  ... {
    protected String encoding = null;

    protected FilterConfig filterConfig = null;

    protected boolean ignore = false;

    protected String forwardPath = null;

    public void destroy() ...{
        this.encoding = null;
        this.filterConfig = null;
    }

    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
            FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException ...{

        // 设置编码方式，web.xml里面有filter参数的初始化设置
        if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null)) ...{
            String encoding = selectEncoding(request);
            if (encoding != null)
                request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
        }
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        String requesturi = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        // 通过检查session中的变量，过虑请求
        HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
        Object currentUser = session.getAttribute(AppConstants.LOGIN_USER);
        // 当前会话用户为空而且不是请求登录，退出登录，欢迎页面和根目录则退回到应用的根目录
        if (currentUser == null
                && !requesturi.endsWith("/processLogin.do")
                && !requesturi.endsWith("/logout.do")
                && !requesturi.endsWith("/index.jsp")
                && !requesturi.endsWith(httpServletRequest.getContextPath()
                        + "/")) ...{
            httpServletResponse.sendRedirect(httpServletRequest
                    .getContextPath()
                    + "/");
            return;
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }

    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException ...{
        this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
        this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
        this.forwardPath = filterConfig.getInitParameter("forwardpath");
        String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");
        if (value == null)
            this.ignore = true;
        else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
            this.ignore = true;
        else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("yes"))
            this.ignore = true;
        else
            this.ignore = false;
    }

    protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) ...{
        return (this.encoding);
    }
}

5 .解决中文编码问题
    代码同上，另
web.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 "  encoding = " UTF-8 " ?>

< web - app xmlns = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee "
    xmlns:xsi = " http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance "
    xsi:schemaLocation = " http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd "
    version = " 2.4 " >

       < filter >
         < filter - name > Login Filter </ filter - name >
         < filter - class >
            org.prolove.webapp.filter.UserLoginFilter
         </ filter - class >
         < init - param >
             < param - name > encoding </ param - name >
             < param - value > GBK </ param - value >
         </ init - param >
         < init - param >
             < param - name > ignore </ param - name >
             < param - value > false </ param - value >
         </ init - param >
         < init - param >
             < param - name > forwardpath </ param - name >
             < param - value > index.jsp </ param - value >
         </ init - param >
     </ filter >

     < filter - mapping >
         < filter - name > Login Filter </ filter - name >
         < url - pattern > /**/ /*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>    

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>config</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


    <jsp-config>
        <welcome-file-list>
            <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        </welcome-file-list>
        <taglib>
            <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-bean</taglib-uri>
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>
        </taglib>
        <taglib>
            <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-html</taglib-uri>
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>
        </taglib>
        <taglib>
            <taglib-uri>/tags/struts-logic</taglib-uri>
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>
        </taglib>
    </jsp-config>
</web-app>

6.JSP页面输出
-->main.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<%@ include file="taglibs.jsp"%>

<html>
<head>
    <title>版面分类</title>
    <link href="styles/news.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<script language="javascript">
    function verifyValue(){
        if(loadNewsForm.categoryId.checked)
        {
            loadNewsForm.submit();
            return true;
        }
        for (var i = 0 ; i < loadNewsForm.categoryId.length ; i++)
        {
            if( loadNewsForm.categoryId[i].checked )
            {
                loadNewsForm.submit();
                return true;
            }
        }
        alert('请选择要查看的版面！');
        return false;    
    }
    function logout(){
        logoutForm.submit();
    }    
</script>
<body>
    
    <table width="500" align="center" cellpadding="1" bgcolor="#99CCCC">
        <form name="loadNewsForm" action="loadNewsByCategory.do" method="POST"> 
                <tr>
                    <td width="40%" colspan="2" align="center">
                        <p>欢迎，<bean:write name="login_user"/></p>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        请选择
                    </td>
                    <td width="30%" align="center">
                        版面名
                    </td>
                </tr>                
                <logic:iterate id="item" name="categories" indexId="index" scope="request">
                    <tr>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <input type="radio" name="categoryId" value='<bean:write name="item" property="id"/>'>
                        </td>
                        <td width="30%" align="center">
                            <bean:write name="item" property="name"/>
                        </td>
                    </tr>    
                </logic:iterate>

            <tr>
                <td colspan="2" align="center">
                    <input type="button" value="查看" onClick="verifyValue();">
                    &nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="button" value="登出" onClick="logout();">
                </td>
            </tr>                    
        </form>
        <form name="logoutForm" action="logout.do" method="post"">
        </form>        
</table>
</body>
</html>

-->index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<%@ include file="taglibs.jsp"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登陆系统</title>
        <link href="styles/news.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<logic:messagesPresent>
   <div class="title">    
   <bean:message key="errors.header"/>
   <ul>
   <html:messages id="error">
      <li><bean:write name="error"/></li>
   </html:messages>
   </ul>
   </div>
</logic:messagesPresent>

<logic:present name="errMsg">
    <div class="title">
    <li><bean:write name="errMsg" scope="request"/>
    </div>
</logic:present>
<logic:present name="logout">
    <div class="title">
    <li><bean:write name="logout" scope="request"/>
   </div>
</logic:present>
    <table width="400" align="center" bgcolor="#99CCCC">
        <html:form action="/processLogin"> 
            <tr>
                <td>
                    请输入用户名：
                </td>
                <td>
                    <html:text property="user" size="20"/>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>
                    请输入密码：
                </td>
                <td>
                    <input type="password" name="pass" size="20">
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="2" align="center">
                    <input type="submit" value="确定">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="reset" value="重置">
                </td>
            </tr>                    
        </html:form>
</table>
</body>
</html>

-->category_view.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<%@ include file="taglibs.jsp"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>分类新闻</title>
    <link href="styles/news.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<script language="javascript">
    function verifyValue(){
        if(loadNewsForm.newsId.checked)
        {
            loadNewsForm.submit();
            return true;
        }
        for (var i = 0 ; i < loadNewsForm.newsId.length ; i++)
        {
            if( loadNewsForm.newsId[i].checked )
            {
                loadNewsForm.submit();
                return true;
            }
        }
        alert('请选择要查看的新闻！');
        return false;    
    }
    function goMain(){
        mainForm.submit();
    }        
</script>
<body>
    <table width="600" align="center" cellpadding="1" bgcolor="#99CCCC">
        <form name="loadNewsForm" action="loadNewsReviewByNews.do" method="POST"> 
                <tr>
                    <td width="60%" colspan="6" align="center">
                        <p>新闻列表</p>                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        请选择                    </td>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        主题                    </td>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        发布人                    </td>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        发布时间                    </td>
                    <td width="10%" align="center">
                        最后评论时间                    </td>
                </tr>                
                <logic:iterate id="item" name="news" indexId="index" scope="request">
                    <tr>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <input type="radio" name="newsId" value='<bean:write name="item" property="id"/>'>
                        </td>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <bean:write name="item" property="title"/>
                        </td>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <bean:write name="item" property="content"/>
                        </td>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <bean:write name="item" property="postDate"/>
                        </td>
                        <td width="10%" align="center">
                            <bean:write name="item" property="lastModifyDate"/>
                        </td>
                    </tr>    
                </logic:iterate>
            <tr>
                <td height="52" colspan="6" align="center">
                    <input type="button" value="查看" onClick="verifyValue();">&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="reset" value="重置">              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td height="25" colspan="6" align="center">&nbsp;</td>
          </tr>
            <tr>
              <td height="25" colspan="6" align="center">发表新的新闻</td>
          </tr>                    
        </form>
        <html:form action="/addNews">
            <tr>
                <td colspan="6" align="center">
                    主题：                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>    
                <td colspan="6" align="center">
                    <html:text property="title" size="80"/>
                    <input type="hidden" name="categoryId" value='<bean:write name="categoryId"/>'>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="6" align="center">
                    内容：                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>        
                <td colspan="6" align="center">
                    <html:textarea property="content" cols="80" rows="20"></html:textarea>                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>    
                <td colspan="6" align="center">
                    <input type="submit" value="提交">
                    &nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="reset" value="重置">
                    &nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="button" value="返回" onClick="history.go(-1);">
                    &nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="reset" value="主页" onClick="goMain();">                </td>                
            </tr>
        </html:form>
        <form name="mainForm" action="listCate.do" method="post"">
        </form>        
</table>
</body>
</html>

-->news_view.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<%@ include file="taglibs.jsp"%>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新闻详细内容</title>
        <link href="styles/news.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<script language="javascript">
    function verifyValue(){
        if(addNewsReviewForm.content.value == ""){
            alert('请输入评论内容！');
            addNewsReviewForm.content.focus();
            return false;
        }
        addNewsReviewForm.submit();        
    }
    function goMain(){
        mainForm.submit();
    }    
</script>
<body>
<table width="600" align="center" cellpadding="1" bgcolor="#99CCCC">
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#999999"><p>新闻标题：<bean:write name="news" property="title"/></p></td>
  </tr>
   <tr>
    <td width="20%" align="center">新闻内容：</td>
    <td width="80%" align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><bean:write name="news" property="content"/></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#999999">所有评论如下：</td>
  </tr>
  <logic:iterate id="item" name="reviews" indexId="index" scope="request">
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#96dede">由网友${item.poster.username}于<bean:write name="item" property="postDate"/>发表的评论如下：</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ffffff"><bean:write name="item" property="content"/> </td>
  </tr>
  </logic:iterate>
    <html:form action="/addNewsReview">
      <input type="hidden" name="newsId" value='<bean:write name="news" property="id"/>'>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="2" align="center"> 我要评论：      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="2" align="center"><textarea name="content" cols="80" rows="6"></textarea>        </td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td colspan="2" align="center"><input name="button" type="submit" value="提交">
          &nbsp;&nbsp;
          <input name="reset" type="reset" value="重置">
          &nbsp;&nbsp;
          <input name="button" type="button" onClick="history.go(-1);" value="返回">
          &nbsp;&nbsp;
          <input name="reset" type="reset" onClick="goMain();" value="主页">        </td>
      </tr>
    </html:form>
        <form name="mainForm" action="listCate.do" method="post"">
        </form>
</table>
</body>
</html>