package unsafe
// ArbitraryType is here for the purposes of documentation only and is not actually
// part of the unsafe package. It represents the type of an arbitrary Go expression.
<span style="color:#ff0000;">type ArbitraryType int</span>
// Pointer represents a pointer to an arbitrary type. There are four special operations
// available for type Pointer that are not available for other types.
// 1) A pointer value of any type can be converted to a Pointer.
// 2) A Pointer can be converted to a pointer value of any type.
// 3) A uintptr can be converted to a Pointer.
// 4) A Pointer can be converted to a uintptr.
// Pointer therefore allows a program to defeat the type system and read and write
// arbitrary memory. It should be used with extreme care.
<span style="color:#ff0000;">type Pointer *ArbitraryType</span>
unsafe.pointer 指向一个Int类型的地址。存放的是十六进制的地址
<pre name="code" class="csharp">// Sizeof returns the size in bytes occupied by the value v. The size is that of the
// "top level" of the value only. For instance, if v is a slice, it returns the size of
// the slice descriptor, not the size of the memory referenced by the slice.
<span style="color:#ff0000;">func Sizeof(v ArbitraryType) uintptr 返回类型在内存所占的大小</span>
// Offsetof returns the offset within the struct of the field represented by v,
// which must be of the form structValue.field. In other words, it returns the
// number of bytes between the start of the struct and the start of the field.
<span style="color:#ff0000;">func Offsetof(v ArbitraryType) uintptr 返回成员变量的偏移量</span>
// Alignof returns the alignment of the value v. It is the maximum value m such
// that the address of a variable with the type of v will always be zero mod m.
// If v is of the form structValue.field, it returns the alignment of field f within struct object obj.
<span style="color:#ff0000;">func Alignof(v ArbitraryType) uintptr 相对于CPU的对齐值</span>
测试代码:
<pre name="code" class="csharp"><pre name="code" class="csharp">package main
import (
"fmt"
"unsafe"
)
type Person struct {
name string //姓名
age uint32 //年龄
}
func main() {
p := &Person{name: "chenghan", age: 22}
size := unsafe.Sizeof(*p)
// fmt.Println(unsafe.Sizeof(p.name))
fmt.Println("结构体的大小:", size)
by := (*[1024]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(p))
fmt.Printf("unsafe取址:%p\n", unsafe.Pointer(p))
fmt.Printf("结构体取址:%p\n", p)
p1 := (*Person)(unsafe.Pointer(p))
p2 := (*Person)(unsafe.Pointer(by))
fmt.Println(p1.age)
fmt.Println(p2.age)
//偏移量取值
fmt.Println("nameSize:", unsafe.Sizeof(p.name))
fmt.Println("ageSize:", unsafe.Sizeof(p.age))
fmt.Println("nameAlignof:", unsafe.Alignof(p.name))
fmt.Println("ageAlignof:", unsafe.Alignof(p.age))
fmt.Println("name偏移量:", unsafe.Offsetof(p.name))
fmt.Println("age偏移量:", unsafe.Offsetof(p.age))
fmt.Println("name:", *(*string)(unsafe.Pointer(p)))
fmt.Println("age:", *(*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(p)) + unsafe.Offsetof(p.age))))
}
运行结果:
<pre name="code" class="csharp">结构体的大小: 24
unsafe取址:0xc0820045c0
结构体取址:0xc0820045c0
22
22
nameSize: 16
ageSize: 4
nameAlignof: 8
ageAlignof: 4
name偏移量: 0
age偏移量: 16
name: ch
age: 22