依赖注入的解读:
依赖:bean对象的创建依赖于容器;
注入:bean对象中的所有属性,由容器来注入。
注入的三种方式
构造器注入(和之前的一样);Set方式注入;拓展方式注入
Set方式注入(重点)
基本步骤
1.编写复杂类型
2.编写真实测试对象
3.编写beans.xml
4.测试
1.复杂类型
public class Address {
private String address;
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address{" +
"address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
2.真实测试对象
public class Student {
public String name;
private Address address;
private String[] books;
private List<String> hobbys;
private Set<String> game;
private Map<String,String> card;
private Properties info;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String[] getBooks() {
return books;
}
public void setBooks(String[] books) {
this.books = books;
}
public List<String> getHobbys() {
return hobbys;
}
public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys) {
this.hobbys = hobbys;
}
public Set<String> getGame() {
return game;
}
public void setGame(Set<String> game) {
this.game = game;
}
public Map<String, String> getCard() {
return card;
}
public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
this.card = card;
}
public Properties getInfo() {
return info;
}
public void setInfo(Properties info) {
this.info = info;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"name=" + name + "\n" +
", address=" + address +"\n"+
", books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +"\n"+
", hobbys=" + hobbys +"\n"+
", game=" + game +"\n"+
", card=" + card +"\n"+
", info=" + info +"\n"+
'}';
}
}
3.bean.xml
数组注入
<property name="books">
<array>
<value>Spring企业级开发</value>
<value>Java开发手册</value>
<value>码出高效</value>
</array>
</property>
List注入
<property name="hobbys">
<list>
<value>看电影</value>
<value>听音乐</value>
<value>篮球</value>
</list>
</property>
Set注入
<property name="game">
<set>
<value>LOL</value>
<value>LOLM</value>
<value>and so on...</value>
</set>
</property>
Map注入
<property name="card">
<map>
<entry key="QQ" value="123456789"/>
<entry key="微信" value="123456789"/>
</map>
</property>
Properties注入
<property name="info">
<props>
<prop key="学号">20211101</prop>
<prop key="性别">男</prop>
<prop key="成绩">优</prop>
</props>
</property>
整合
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="address" class="com.feng.pojo.Address">
<property name="address" value="成都"/>
</bean>
<bean id="student" class="com.feng.pojo.Student">
<property name="name" value="小风"/>
<property name="address" ref="address"/>
<property name="books">
<array>
<value>Spring企业级开发</value>
<value>Java开发手册</value>
<value>码出高效</value>
</array>
</property>
<property name="hobbys">
<list>
<value>看电影</value>
<value>听音乐</value>
<value>篮球</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="game">
<set>
<value>LOL</value>
<value>LOLM</value>
<value>and so on...</value>
</set>
</property>
<property name="card">
<map>
<entry key="QQ" value="123456789"/>
<entry key="微信" value="123456789"/>
</map>
</property>
<property name="info">
<props>
<prop key="学号">20211101</prop>
<prop key="性别">男</prop>
<prop key="成绩">优</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
4.测试
public class MyTest {
@Test
public void test01(){
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
Student student = context.getBean("student", Student.class);
System.out.println(student.toString());
}
}
结果为:
拓张方式注入(P,C命名空间)
使用p命名注入,可以直接注入属性的值:property
使用步骤:1.导入xml约束;2.p:name="name"的形式就行赋值
<!--p命名空间的xml约束-->
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
<!--使用-->
<bean id="user" class="com.feng.pojo.User" p:name="小风" p:age="18"/>
使用c命名注入,可通过有参构造进行注入:constructs-args
使用步骤:1.导入xml约束;2.c:name="name"的形式就行赋值
<!--p命名空间的xml约束-->
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
<!--使用-->
<bean id="user" class="com.feng.pojo.User" c:name="小风" c:age="18"/>