SpringBoot原理发现（一）

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-19 23:55:50 发布

shuda7799

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-19 23:55:50 发布

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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/swayer/p/13883878.html

版权

Hello World
创建Hello World，主启动类如下：

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@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}

@RestController
public class HelloController{

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String helloWorld(){
        return "hello world";
    }
}

}
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POM文件
　1.1 父POM
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org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.2.9.RELEASE org.springframework.boot spring-boot-dependencies 2.2.9.RELEASE ../../spring-boot-dependencies 复制代码　　可以看出当前项目pom中的parent 依赖了 spring-boot-dependencies，而spring-boot-dependencies中管理的就是SpringBoot应用里面的所有依赖版本。（如果其中没包含，需要自定义在父pom中进行依赖）

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…
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　1.2 启动器
　 SpringBoot将所有的功能场景都抽取成一个个的starter，只需要依赖某个starter，便有了相关依赖信息及功能，这样的starter称之为场景启动器。

可以通过点击官网进行查看包含哪些starter，如下图：

如开发web应用，只需要引入spring-boot-starter-web便有了web模块的相关功能

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　　　　org.springframework.boot
　　　　spring-boot-starter-web
　　

......

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　　spring-boot-starter-web：管理了web模块需要引用的依赖文件，如下图：

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org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter 2.2.9.RELEASE compile org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-json 2.2.9.RELEASE compile org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat 2.2.9.RELEASE compile 复制代码

2.主程序分析
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@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}

@RestController
public class HelloController{

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String helloWorld(){
        return "hello world";
    }
}

}
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　　2.1 @SpringBootApplication
　　　该注解标注在某个类上，说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类，SpringBoot应用应该使用这个类的main方法进行启动。

进入该注解，可以看到@SpringBootApplication是一个组合注解，代码如下：

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@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
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　　　2. 1.1 @SpringBootConfiguration
　　　　SpringBoot的配置类。进去会发现其实就是一个Spring的配置类@Configuration，而@Configuration其实就是一个组件@Component。

@SpringBootConfiguration是SpringBoot提供的，而@Configuration是Spring提供的

代码如下：

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/**

SpringBootConfiguration
*/
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {

…

/**

Configuration
*/
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
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　 2 .2 @EnableAutoConfiguration
　　　　作用：开启自动配置功能

所谓开启自动配置：以前需要提供各种配置文件，如包扫描等，现在使用@EnableAutoConfiguration标注，SpringBoot就会开启自动配置功能。

点开这个注解，会发现它同样是组合注解，如下：

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@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
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　　 2.2.1 @AutoConfigurationPackage
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@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)
public @interface AutoConfigurationPackage {

}
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@Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class)：向容器中导入一个组件，组件由@Import后面传入的类指定
AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class 关键代码如下：
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static class Registrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar, DeterminableImports {

    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        register(registry, new PackageImport(metadata).getPackageName());
    }

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　　通过debug可以查看该注解是标注是在主启动类上，获取主启动类所在的包位置路径，将该路径下面的所有包扫描注入到容器中。类似spring配置文件xml中 <context:component-scan base-package=“xx.yyy” />功能。

   @AutoConfigurationPackage 其实就是自动获取主配置类下面的所有包并扫描注入进IOC容器中。

2.2.2 @Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
　　　　同样是往IOC容器中导入AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class中指定的组件。

AutoConfigurationImportSelector主要代码：

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protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return EMPTY_ENTRY;
}
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
List configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
Set exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}
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　　通过debug可以看出，它会返回各种XXXAutoConfiguration。而有了这些XXXAutoConfiguration，就不需要我们在手动去编写相关场景的注入功能组件等工作，如下图：

这些XXXAutoConfiguration又是从何而来呢？
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protected List getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
+ “are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.”);
return configurations;
}
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SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),getBeanClassLoader())
第一个参数：EnableAutoConfiguration.class
第二个参数：ClassLoader

进入loadFactoryNames方法，SpringBoot会扫描类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories 文件中定义的数据，并返回第一个参数EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值，并将这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中，
在后续该方法会经常出现，用于扫描spring.factories中定义的值，如下图：

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Auto Configure

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudServiceConnectorsAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\

…
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　　至此基本上可以看出SpringBoot是如何进行加载且工作的。说到底spring的配置文件一个也没少，只是SpringBoot底层将我们的配置文件进行自动配置到容器中了，少了手动编写大量的组件配置。

shuda7799

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SpringBoot原理发现（一）

Hello World创建Hello World，主启动类如下：复制代码@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DemoApplication {public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);}@RestControllerpublic class HelloController{ @GetMapping(
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