不输入密码自动通过 SSH 方式登录服务器

                           不输入密码自动通过 SSH 方式登录服务器
                                                                                ChinaUnix 网友:Seaquester
  看到 ChinaUnix 上面有一个网友的帖子,想在 linux 下使用 ssh 登录的时候不用每次都输入密码,
又不能使用 key 的方式。在网上搜索了一下,有网友用 expect 写了一个自动登录的脚本,但是我
试过之后,却发现不能用。
  后来看到有人说使用 sshpass 可以解决问题。所以自己写了一个脚本。脚本写的比较简单,没
有考虑安全性的问题。要使用这个脚本必须安装 sshpass 这个软件。
sshlogin.sh:
#!/bin/bash
#=======================================================================
========
#
# FILENAME:
# sshlogin.sh
#
# DESCRIPTION:
# Script to use user and password from config file to login remote
# ssh server.
# This script needs 1 argument to login the remote ssh server:
#     ipaddr = IP Addreess of remote ssh server.
#
# For example:
#     ./sshlogin.sh 192.168.0.1
#
# You need to create a config file(pass.dat) with entries like:
#     server1|user|password
#     server2|user|password
#
# REVISION(MM/DD/YYYY):
# 07/01/2009 Shengkui Leng (shengkui.leng@advantech.com.cn)
# - Initial version
#
#=======================================================================
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# NAME:
# print_usage
#
# DESCRIPTION:
# Print usage information
#
# PARAMETERS:
# $1 - Program name
#
# RETURNS:
# None
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_usage ()
{
    echo "Usage: $1 <Server IP>"
    exit 1
}
[ $# -eq 1 ] || print_usage $0
CONFIG_FILE=pass.dat
SERVER=$1
ipaddr=""
username=""
password=""
found=0
while read line ; do
    ipaddr=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f1)
    username=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f2)
    password=$(echo $line | cut -d'|' -f3)
    if [ "$SERVER" == "$ipaddr" ] ; then
        #The server found!
        found=1
        break
    fi
done < $CONFIG_FILE
if [ $found -eq 0 ] ; then
    echo "The server not found!"
    exit 2
fi
if [ -z "$password" ] || [ -z "$ipaddr" ] || [ -z "$username" ] ; then
    echo "Invalid config file: $CONFIG_FILE!"
    exit 3
fi
#Automatically add new host keys to user known hosts files(known_hosts)
AUTO_ADD_HOST_KEY="-oUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no"
echo "Logining(ssh) $username@$ipaddr..."
sshpass -p "$password" ssh $username@$ipaddr $AUTO_ADD_HOST_KEY
exit 0

注 1:需要建立一个记录密码、用户名和 ssh server IP 的文件 pass.dat, 格式为:IP|UserName|
Password。示例如下:
pass.dat:
192.168.0.1|root|a123B56
192.168.0.2|root|7X890Yz
注 2:如果是第一次用 ssh 登录某一个 server 时,ssh 会提示:
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.11)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 7b:b9:c3:cd:01:cd:2f:19:4e:96:d3:66:27:55:7f:65.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?
所以上面的脚本在调用 ssh 时指定了参数:
-oUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no
这样 ssh 就不会出现上面的提示,详情请参考 man ssh_config。