Spring配置文件-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/shuizhaosi888/article/details/84709557

基础配置模版

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

  <bean id="..." class="...">
    <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
  </bean>

  <bean id="..." class="...">
    <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here -->
  </bean>

  <!-- more bean definitions go here -->

</beans>

配置文件的名字可以根据自己需要进行定义

使用这个配置文件

		//加载配置文件，创建配置文件的bean
		ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Spring.xml");
		//第一种方法：根据id取到配置的bean
		Person per1 = (Person) context.getBean("person");
		//第二种
		Person per2 =  context.getBean("person",Person.class);
		//默认是单例模式，spring容器一直持有这个对象
		System.out.println(per1==per2);

设置成非单例模式，每次想spring容器请求对象，spring都创建一个新的返回
```
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3" scope="prototype" />
```

可以一次加载多个配置文件

ApplicationContext context =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Spring.xml","Beans.xml");

将多个配置文件导入一个配置文件中

<beans>

    <import resource="services.xml"/>
    <import resource="resources/messageSource.xml"/>
    <import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/>

    <bean id="bean1" class="..."/>
    <bean id="bean2" class="..."/>

</beans>

为id设置别名

	<!-- id="t2" 设置别名 t3 -->
	<alias name="t2" alias="t3"/>

静态工厂方法

public class FactoryBean {
	private static Test2 t2 = new Test2();

	private FactoryBean() {}

	public static Test2 getInstanceT2() {
		return t2;
	}
}

	<!-- Spring不会初始化这个class，而是每次调用getInstanceT2 -->
	<bean id="t2" class="i.test.FactoryBean" factory-method="getInstanceT2" />

如果getInstanceT2 不是静态的方法，就要将类初始化，然后调用

	<bean id="factoryBean" class="i.test.FactoryBean" />
	<bean id="t2" factory-bean="factoryBean" factory-method="getInstanceT2" />

配置有参数构造器

public class Test3 {

	public Test3(Test1 t1, String str, int i) {
	}
}

配置1

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3">
		<constructor-arg ref="t1" />
		<constructor-arg  type="java.lang.String"  value="1"/>
		<constructor-arg  type="int" value="2"/>
	</bean>

配置2：

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3">
		<constructor-arg index="0" ref="t1" />
		<constructor-arg index="1"  value="1"/>
		<constructor-arg index="2" value="2"/>
	</bean>

配置3：

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3">
		<constructor-arg name="t1" ref="t1" />
		<constructor-arg name="i"  value="1"/>
		<constructor-arg name="str" value="2"/>
	</bean>

set方法注入

public class Test3 {
	private Test1 t1;
	private Test2 t2;
	private int i;

	public void setT1(Test1 t1) {
		this.t1 = t1;
	}

	public void setT2(Test2 t2) {
		this.t2 = t2;
	}

	public void setInteger(int i) {
		this.i = i;
	}
}

配置

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t2" class="i.test.Test2" />
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3">
		<property name="test1"><ref bean="t1" /></property>
		<property name="test2" ref="t2" />
		<property name="integer" value="1" />
	</bean>

构造器注入

public class Test3 {
	private Test1 t1;
	private Test2 t2;
	private int i;

	public Test3(Test1 t1, Test2 t2, int i) {
		this.t1 = t1;
		this.t2 = t2;
		this.i = i;
	}
}

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t2" class="i.test.Test2" />

	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3">
		<constructor-arg><ref bean="t1" /></constructor-arg>
		<constructor-arg ref="t2" />
		<constructor-arg type="int" value="1" />
	</bean>

配置一个带参数的静态工厂方法

public class Test3 {
	private Test1 t1;
	private Test2 t2;
	private int i;

	private Test3(Test1 t1, Test2 t2, int i) {
		this.t1 = t1;
		this.t2 = t2;
		this.i = i;
	}

	public static Test3 createInstance(Test1 t1, Test2 t2, int i){
		return  new Test3(t1, t2, i);
	}
}

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t2" class="i.test.Test2" />

	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3" factory-method="createInstance">
		<constructor-arg ref="t1" />
		<constructor-arg ref="t2" />
		<constructor-arg value="1" />
	</bean>

定义<property/> or <constructor-arg/>内部属性bean

<bean id="outer" class="...">
<!-- instead of using a reference to a target bean, simply define the target bean inline -->
<property name="target">
  <bean class="com.example.Person"> <!-- this is the inner bean -->
    <property name="name" value="Fiona Apple"/>
    <property name="age" value="25"/>
  </bean>
</property>
</bean>

collections

<bean id="moreComplexObject" class="example.ComplexObject">
<!-- results in a setAdminEmails(java.util.Properties) call -->
<property name="adminEmails">
  <props>
      <prop key="administrator">administrator@example.org</prop>
      <prop key="support">support@example.org</prop>
      <prop key="development">development@example.org</prop>
  </props>
</property>
<!-- results in a setSomeList(java.util.List) call -->
<property name="someList">
  <list>
      <value>a list element followed by a reference</value>
      <ref bean="myDataSource" />
  </list>
</property>
<!-- results in a setSomeMap(java.util.Map) call -->
<property name="someMap">
  <map>
      <entry key="an entry" value="just some string"/>
      <entry key ="a ref" value-ref="myDataSource"/>
  </map>
</property>
<!-- results in a setSomeSet(java.util.Set) call -->
<property name="someSet">
  <set>
      <value>just some string</value>
      <ref bean="myDataSource" />
  </set>
</property>
</bean>

idref

	<bean id="theTargetBean" class="..." />

	<bean id="theClientBean" class="...">
		<property name="targetName">
			<idref bean="theTargetBean" />
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!--上面效果等同下面，idref在加载时会检查是否存在id=“theTargetBean”的bean -->

	<bean id="client" class="...">
		<property name="targetName" value="theTargetBean" />
	</bean>

local跟bean的区别只加载当前xml的bean

 <ref local="someBean"/>

<property name="targetName">
 <idref local="theTargetBean"/>
</property>

可以通过parent来继承属性

	<!-- abstract="true" 容器不会初始化这个bean，可作为公共属性使用 -->
	<bean id="parent" abstract="true">
		<property name="aa" value="xiao" />
		<property name="ee" value="xiaoe" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 继承id="parent"的属性 -->
	<bean id="child" class="i.test.Test3" parent="parent">
		<property name="cc" value="xiaoc" />
	</bean>

使用p来简化配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


</beans>

	<!-- 以前配置 -->
	<bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql" />
		<property name="username" value="root" />
		<property name="password" value="xiaobai" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 简化后 -->
	<bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close" 
		p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
		p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql" 
		p:username="root" 
		p:password="xiaobai" />

配置一个bean

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3" p:traget-ref="t1" />

使用c简化配置文件

public class Test3 {

	public Test3(String str, Test1 t1, int i) {
		System.out.println(str+t1+i);
	}

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

	<bean id="t1" class="i.test.Test1" />
	
   <!-- 一般的配置方法 -->
	<bean id="t" class="i.test.Test3">
		<constructor-arg value="go" />
		<constructor-arg ref="t1" />
		<constructor-arg value="3" />
	</bean>

   <!-- 简化的配置方法 -->
	<bean id="t3" class="i.test.Test3" c:str="go" c:t1-ref="t1" c:i="3" />

</beans>