RSA非对称加密（java版）

RSA非对称加密（java版）

对于什么是RSA百度上写的很清楚，我就不重复了，直接看代码说问题。

web端
    RSA在web端采用公钥加密需要依赖[jsencrypt.js](http://passport.cnblogs.com/scripts/jsencrypt.min.js)
    引用的时候很简单：
        var encrypt = new JSEncrypt();
        encrypt.setPublicKey("后台传过来的公钥");
        encrypt.encrypt("需要加密的数据")

java后台RSA加密的工具类：

import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;


public class RSAUtils {

      public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
        public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";

        private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
        private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";

        public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) {
            return Base64.decodeBase64(key);
        }

        public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] bytes) {
            return Base64.encodeBase64String(bytes);
        }

        /**
         * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
         *
         * @param data       加密数据
         * @param privateKey 私钥
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
            // 解密由base64编码的私钥
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
            // 构造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec对象
            PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            // 取私钥匙对象
            PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
            // 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
            Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
            signature.initSign(priKey);
            signature.update(data);
            return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
        }

        /**
         * 校验数字签名
         *
         * @param data      加密数据
         * @param publicKey 公钥
         * @param sign      数字签名
         * @return 校验成功返回true 失败返回false
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)
                throws Exception {
            // 解密由base64编码的公钥
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);
            // 构造X509EncodedKeySpec对象
            X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            // 取公钥匙对象
            PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
            Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
            signature.initVerify(pubKey);
            signature.update(data);
            // 验证签名是否正常
            return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));
        }

        public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception{
            // 对密钥解密
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
            // 取得私钥
            PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
            // 对数据解密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return cipher.doFinal(data);
        }

        /**
         * 解密<br>
         * 用私钥解密
         *
         * @param data
         * @param key
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(String data, String key)
                throws Exception {
            return decryptByPrivateKey(decryptBASE64(data),key);
        }

        /**
         * 解密<br>
         * 用公钥解密
         *
         * @param data
         * @param key
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)
                throws Exception {
            // 对密钥解密
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
            // 取得公钥
            X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
            // 对数据解密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return cipher.doFinal(data);
        }

        /**
         * 加密<br>
         * 用公钥加密
         *
         * @param data
         * @param key
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(String data, String key)
                throws Exception {
            // 对公钥解密
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
            // 取得公钥
            X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
            // 对数据加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            return cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes());
        }

        /**
         * 加密<br>
         * 用私钥加密
         *
         * @param data
         * @param key
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)
                throws Exception {
            // 对密钥解密
            byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
            // 取得私钥
            PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
            // 对数据加密
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            return cipher.doFinal(data);
        }

        /**
         * 取得私钥
         *
         * @param keyMap
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Key> keyMap)
                throws Exception {
            Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
            return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
        }

        /**
         * 取得公钥
         *
         * @param keyMap
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Key> keyMap)
                throws Exception {
            Key key = keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
            return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
        }

        /**
         * 初始化密钥
         *客户端通过公钥进行加密，服务端通过私钥进行解密
         * JS端应用需要依赖jsencrypt.js 下载地址http://www.oschina.net/action/code/download?code=48994&id=71045
         * @return
         * @throws Exception
         */
        public static Map<String, Key> initKey() throws Exception {
            KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator
                    .getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
            keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
            KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
            Map<String, Key> keyMap = new HashMap(2);
            keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, keyPair.getPublic());// 公钥
            keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, keyPair.getPrivate());// 私钥
            return keyMap;
        }
}

生成公，私钥

        Map<String, Key> keyMap = RSAUtils.initKey();
        publicKey = RSAUtils.getPublicKey(keyMap);
        privateKey = RSAUtils.getPrivateKey(keyMap);

私钥解密

String temp= new String(RSAUtils.decryptByPrivateKey("加密过的数据","后台生成的私钥"),"utf-8")

大体就这么多，再说问题：

1. byte[] 转String的时候注意编码格式
2. 在web端传到java后台的时候注意字符替换（RSA加密的数据中加号会被替换成空格，然后就解密不出来了）
3. 这次是为以前的客户升级，已经没有源码了，以后可以tomcat远程调试（参考链接）
4. 如果服务器操作系统是win，可以把控制台打印的东西写入文件查看（ System.setErr(new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream(“output.txt”))) 默认在tomcat的bin目录中）
5. 以后想在jar中加class，但是没办法打包时，可以按照文件目录建文件，把class文件直接放入文件目录中就可以，jvm读的时候会先读它