如何通过ssh登录服务器执行linux指令-ganymed的简单使用(一)

ganymed是用java实现的一个ssh协议包.通过他可以直接在java程序中连接ssh服务器并执行指令.
使用步骤如下:
1.创建Connection:
  Connection connection = new Connection("192.168.73.246").
2.验证是否可以登录服务器:
  boolean isAuthenticated = conn.authenticateWithPassword(username, password).true表示登陆成功,false表示登陆失败.
3.创建session,并执行指令:
  Session session = conn.openSession();
  session.execCommand("cd /home").
4.接收服务器上控制台的返回结果:
  InputStream is = new StreamGobbler(session.getStdout());
  InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
  BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
5.获取指令是否成功执行:0－成功,非0－失败.
  System.out.println("ExitCode: " + sess.getExitStatus());
6.关闭session和connection.
  sess.close();

  conn.close();

下面通过一个小例子来简单学习一下如何通过ganymed实现连接ssh服务器并执行指令.

1.直接看工具类：

<span style="font-size:12px;">package com.ilucky.ssh.util;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import ch.ethz.ssh2.Connection;
import ch.ethz.ssh2.Session;
import ch.ethz.ssh2.StreamGobbler;

/**
 * @author IluckySi
 * @date 20140805
 */
public class SshUtil {

	private Connection connection;

	public SshUtil(SshSetting sshSetting) {
		try {
			//判断SshSetting中的参数是否为空.
			String ip = sshSetting.getIp();
			String username = sshSetting.getUsername();
			String password = sshSetting.getPassword();
			if (ip == null || username == null || password == null) {
				throw new Exception("SshSetting参数: ip, username和password不能为空!");
			}
			
			//判断Ssh服务器是否可以登录.
			connection = new Connection(ip);
			connection.connect();
			boolean isAuthenticated = connection.authenticateWithPassword(username, password);
			if (!isAuthenticated) {
				throw new Exception("SshSetting参数: username和password不正确!");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("获取Connection发生问题!");
		}
	}

	public String execute(String command) {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		Session session = null;
		InputStream is  = null;
		InputStreamReader isr = null;
		BufferedReader br = null;
		try {
			//获取Session会话并执行指令.
			session = connection.openSession();
			session.execCommand(command);
			
			//获取服务器上控制台的返回结果并编码为UTF-8.
			is = new StreamGobbler(session.getStdout());
			isr = new InputStreamReader(is, Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
			br = new BufferedReader(isr);
			
			//将服务器返回结果拼接成StringBuffer并返回.
			String buffer = br.readLine();
			while ((buffer = br.readLine()) != null) {
				if (buffer != null) {
					sb.append(buffer.toString() + "\n");
				}
			}
			
			//获取指令在Ssh服务器上是否执行成功.
			if(session.getExitStatus() == 0) {
				System.out.println(command + "执行成功!");
			} else {
				System.out.println(command + "执行失败!");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("执行指令: " + command + "发生问题!");
		} finally {
			try {
				if(br != null) {
					br.close();
					br = null;
				}
				if(isr != null) {
					isr.close();
					isr = null;
				}
				if(is != null) {
					is.close();
					is = null;
				}
				if(session != null) {
					session.close();
					session = null;
				}
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("关闭Session发生问题!");
			}
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	
	public void finish() {
		try {
			if(connection != null) {
				connection.close();
				connection = null;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("关闭Connection发生问题!");
		}
	}
}
</span>

<span style="font-size:12px;">package com.ilucky.ssh.util;

/**
 * @author IluckySi
 * @date 20140805
 */
public class SshSetting {

	private String ip;
	
	private int port;
	
	private String username;
	
	private String password;

	public String getIp() {
		return ip;
	}

	public void setIp(String ip) {
		this.ip = ip;
	}

	public int getPort() {
		return port;
	}

	public void setPort(int port) {
		this.port = port;
	}

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	} 
}
</span>

2.再看测试类：

<span style="font-size:12px;">package com.ilucky.ssh;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.ilucky.ssh.util.SshSetting;
import com.ilucky.ssh.util.SshUtil;

/**
 * @author IluckySi
 * @date 20140805
 */
public class MainTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
	    SshSetting sshSetting = new SshSetting();
	    sshSetting.setIp("192.168.73.246");
	    sshSetting.setPort(22); //ssh默认端口是22.
	    sshSetting.setUsername("root");
	    sshSetting.setPassword("Talent123");
	    SshUtil sshUtil = new SshUtil(sshSetting);
	    List<String> commondList = new ArrayList<String>();
	    commondList.add("cd /home");
	    commondList.add("ls");
	    commondList.add("ls -l");
	    for (int i = 0; i < commondList.size(); i++) {
	    	System.out.println(sshUtil.execute(commondList.get(i)));
	    }
	}
}
/**
运行结果:
cd /home执行成功!

ls执行成功!
anaconda-ks.cfg
install.log
install.log.syslog
tap-home
公共的
模板
视频
图片
文档
下载
音乐
桌面

ls -l执行成功!
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3233 2月  26 17:29 \
-rw-------. 1 root root  1301 8月  30 2013 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 39043 8月  30 2013 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  9936 8月  30 2013 install.log.syslog
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 6月  26 10:08 tap-home
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 公共的
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 模板
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 视频
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 图片
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 文档
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 下载
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 8月  30 2013 音乐
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 12月  5 2013 桌面
*/
</span>