JavaScript五种继承方式

1）继承第1种方式：对象冒充

function Parent(username){
	this.username = username;
	this.sayHello = function(){
		alert(this.username);
	}
}
function Child(username,password){
	//下面三行是关键代码
	this.method = Parent;
	this.method(username);
	delete this.method;
	this.password = password;
	this.sayWorld = function(){
		alert(this.password);
	}
}
var parent1 = new Parent("jack");
var child1 = new Child("kyle","123");
parent1.sayHello();
child1.sayHello();
child1.sayWorld();

2）继承第2种方式：call方法

call方法是Function对象中的方法，因此我们定义的每个函数都拥有该方法。可以通过函数名来调用call方法，call方法的第一个参数会被传递给函数中的this，从第二个参数开始，逐一赋值给函数中的参数。

function Parent(username){
	this.username = username;
	this.sayHello = function(){
		alert(this.username);
	}
}
function Child(username,password){
	Parent.call(this,username);
	this.password = password;
	this.sayWorld = function(){
		alert(this.password);
	}
}
var p1 = new Parent("jack");
var c1 = new Child("kyle","123");
p1.sayHello();
c1.sayHello();
c1.sayWorld();

3）继承第3种方式：apply方法

apply方法与call方法的不同之处在于，apply方法第二个参数传递的是一个数组，而不像call方法那样以离散的形式传递参数。

function Parent(username){
	this.username = username;
	this.sayHello = function(){
		alert(this.username);
	}
}
function Child(username,password){
	Parent.apply(this,new Array(username));
	this.password = password;
	this.sayWorld = function(){
		alert(this.password);
	}
}
var p1 = new Parent("jack");
var c1 = new Child("kyle","123");
p1.sayHello();
c1.sayHello();
c1.sayWorld();

4）继承第4种方式：原型链方式

该方式的缺点是不能够传递参数。初始化必须要等对象创建之后

function Parent(){

}
Parent.prototype.hello = "hello";
Parent.prototype.sayHello = function(){
	alert(this.hello);
}
function Child(){

}
Child.prototype = new Parent();
Child.prototype.world = "world";
Child.prototype.sayWorld = function(){
	alert(this.world);
}
var c1 = new Child();
c1.sayHello();
c1.sayWorld();

5）继承第5种方式：混合方式（推荐）

function Parent(hello){
	this.hello = hello;
}
Parent.prototype.sayHello = function(){
	alert(this.hello);
}
function Child(hello,world){
	Parent.call(this,hello);
	this.world = world;
}
Child.prototype = new Parent();
Child.prototype.sayWorld = function(){
	alert(this.world);
}
var c1 = new Child("HELLO","WORLD");
c1.sayHello();
c1.sayWorld();