MyBatis框架的简单使用

#2021/01/02#

代码基于MAC Intellij IDEA

MyBatis框架的简单使用

1、MyBatis简介

MyBatis是一款基于Java持久层的轻量级框架

2、MyBatis的简单使用流程

1. 新建一个Maven项目

2. 在pom.xml文件中导入相关依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>MyBatis</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>MyBatis_Train</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <!--导入依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


    <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

</project>

3. 在main.java中新建实体类，与数据库表的列名相对应（字段名可以不一致，如果不一致的话需要用resultMap标签解决，尽量设置一致）

实体类：

package com.wang.pojo;

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

对应数据库字段：

4. 新建接口

   用于规范实现方法，对相关类的操作（方法）需要在此接口中定义。

   这里以查询数据表表单为例

5. 导入mybatis核心配置文件

这里有几个需要特别注意的点：

• properties文件需要提前导入
• 接口对应的xml文件一定不能忘了绑定

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <!--导入properties配置文件-->
    <properties resource="db.properties"/>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
  <!--绑定接口对应的UserMapper文件-->
   <mappers>
       <mapper resource="com/wang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>
</configuration>

6. 导入数据库配置文件db.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=123456

7. 编写获取sqlSession连接实例的工具类

   • 新建工具类包utils

• 编写工具类代码

  package com.wang.utils;
  
  import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
  import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
  import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
  import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  
  public class MybatisUtils {
      private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
      static {
          try {
              String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
              InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
              sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
  
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
          SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
          return sqlSession;
      }
  }
  
  

8. 编写接口对应的xml文件（可视为接口实现类）

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <!DOCTYPE mapper
           PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
           "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
   <mapper namespace="com.wang.dao.UserMapper">
       <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.wang.pojo.User">
           select * from mybatis.user
       </select>
   </mapper>
   

9. 在核心配置文件中绑定接口对应的xml文件

   <mappers>
      <mapper resource="/com/wang/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>
   

10. 编写测试类

测试类代码;

import com.wang.dao.UserMapper;
import com.wang.pojo.User;
import com.wang.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class MybatisTest {
    @Test
    public void getUserList(){
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

测试结果：