黑马程序员_DOM方式对xml文档进行CRUD

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 一、Dom和sax解析方法的区别：

1、dom解析的优点是对文档crud比较方便，缺点是占用内存比较大。

2、sax解析的优点是占用内存少，解析速度快，缺点是只适合做文档的读取，不适合做文档的crud。

二、如何调整jvm内存

三、CRUD操作

进行操作的步骤：

1、创建工厂

2、得到dom解析器

3、解析xml文档，得到代表文档的document对象。

 book.xml文档如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><书架>
	<书>
		<书名 id="book_name">java就业培训课程</书名>
		
		<作者 age="46">张孝祥</作者>
		
		<售价>109.00元</售价>
	</书>
	<书>
		<书名>JavaScript网页开发</书名>
		<作者>张孝祥</作者>
		<售价>29.00元</售价>
	</书>
</书架>

具体代码实现如下：

package com.fly.xml;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

//使用dom方式对xml文档进行crud
public class Demo2{
	//读取xml文档中一个节点的值
	@Test
	public void read1() throws Exception  {
		//创建工厂
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		//得到解析器
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		//解析xml，得到Document
		Document doc = builder.parse("src/com/fly/xml/book.xml");
		NodeList list = doc.getElementsByTagName("书名");
		Node node = list.item(1);
		String content = node.getTextContent();
		System.out.println(content);
	}
	
	@Test
	public void read2() throws Exception {
		Document doc =this.calXml();
		
		//得到根节点
		Node root = doc.getElementsByTagName("书架").item(0);
		list(root);
	}
	
	//得到xml文档中标签属性的值:<书名 id="book_name">java就业培训课程</书名>
	@Test
	public void read3() throws Exception {
		Document doc =this.calXml();
		Element bookname = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("书名").item(0);
		String value = bookname.getAttribute("id");
		System.out.println(value);
	}
	//向xml文档中添加节点：<售价>59.00元</售价>
	@Test
	public void add() throws Exception {
		Document doc = this.calXml();
		//创建节点
		Element price = doc.createElement("售价");
		price.setTextContent("59.00元");
		//把创建的节点添加到第一本书上
		Element book = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0);
		book.appendChild(price);
		
		//将修改后的内存写回到xml文档
		TransformerFactory tfFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tfFactory.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/com/fly/xml/book.xml")));
	}
	
	//向xml文档中指定位置添加节点：<售价>59.00元</售价>
	@Test
	public void addPosition() throws Exception {
		Document doc = this.calXml();
		//创建节点
		Element price = doc.createElement("售价");
		price.setTextContent("19.00元");
		price.setAttribute("id", "priceid");
		
		//得到指定节点
		Element price1 = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("作者").item(0);
		Element book = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0);
		//添加
		book.insertBefore(price, price1);
		//写回xml文档
		TransformerFactory tfFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tf = tfFactory.newTransformer();
		tf.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/com/fly/xml/book.xml")));
	}
	
	//向xml文档节点添加属性
	@Test
	public void addAttr() throws Exception {
		Document doc = this.calXml();
		//得到节点
		Element bookname = (Element) doc.getElementsByTagName("作者").item(0);
		//添加属性
		bookname.setAttribute("age", "46");
		//写回xml文档
		TransformerFactory tfFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer tran = tfFactory.newTransformer();
		tran.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/com/fly/xml/book.xml")));
	}
	
	//删除xml文档指定节点
	@Test
	public void delete() throws Exception {
		Document doc = this.calXml();
		//得到要删除的节点
		Element price1 = (Element)doc.getElementsByTagName("售价").item(0);
		//得到根节点
//		Element root = (Element)doc.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0);
		//得到自己的父节点
		Node root1 = price1.getParentNode();
		root1.removeChild(price1);
	}
	
	//修改指定节点
	@Test
	public void update() throws Exception {
		Document doc = this.calXml();
		//得到要修改的节点
		Element price = (Element)doc.getElementsByTagName("售价").item(0);
		//修改值
		price.setTextContent("109.00元");
		
		//保存文档
		this.saveXml(doc, "src/com/fly/xml/book.xml");
	}
	
	//保存xml文档到指定位置
	private void saveXml(Document doc, String path) throws Exception {
		TransformerFactory facotory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer trans = facotory.newTransformer();
		trans.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(path)));
	}
	
	
	//遍历xml文档
	private void list(Node node) {
		//如果node是标签
		if(node instanceof Element) {
			System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
		}
		NodeList list = node.getChildNodes();
		for(int i=0; i<list.getLength(); i++) {
			Node child = list.item(i);
			list(child);
		}
	}
	
	//读取xml到内存
	private Document calXml() throws Exception {
		DocumentBuilderFactory fac = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = fac.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document doc = builder.parse("src/com/fly/xml/book.xml");
		return doc;
	}

}

               
               


               
               

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